Bearings and mechanical seals enhanced with microstructures

Properties of mechanical bearings and mechanical seals can be significantly improved by covering the load-bearing surfaces with fields of high aspect ratio microstructures (HARMs), such as microchannels or microposts. The HARMs can substantially enhance heat transfer capability and lubricant flow. The present invention uses microstructures and micro-channels manufactured by a modified LIGA process to enhance the performance of load bearing surfaces. Benefits include reduced operating temperatures, precise metering of lubricant flow to all affected surfaces, increased reliability, increased life, higher maximum rotational speed, and the ability of the seal or bearing to run "dry," that is, without periodic re-application of lubricant. The invention may be used with a variety of bearings and mechanical seals, including for example ball bearings, roller bearings, journal bearings, air bearings, magnetic bearings, single mechanical seals, double mechanical seals, tandem mechanical seals, bellows, pusher mechanical seals, and all types of rotating and reciprocating machines. Improved cooling jackets are also disclosed, for use with bearings, seals, or other applications.