METHODS FOR IMPROVING LOADING RATIO OF HYDROGEN GAS
Methods and apparatus for improving the loading ratio of a hydrogen gas in a transition metal are disclosed. Blocking desorption sites on the surface of a metallic structure increases the partial hydrogen/deuterium pressure when the absorption and desorption processes reach an equilibrium. The highe...
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| creator | Greenwald, Michael Raymond Burgess, Darren R Barbee, Brent W |
| description | Methods and apparatus for improving the loading ratio of a hydrogen gas in a transition metal are disclosed. Blocking desorption sites on the surface of a metallic structure increases the partial hydrogen/deuterium pressure when the absorption and desorption processes reach an equilibrium. The higher the number of desorption sites that are blocked, the higher the equilibrium pressure can be reached for attaining a higher hydrogen loading ratio. Moreover, since hydrogen desorption occurs at grain boundaries, reducing grain boundaries is conducive to reducing the hydrogen desorption rate. Methods and apparatus for increasing grain sizes to reduce grain boundaries are also disclosed. |
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Blocking desorption sites on the surface of a metallic structure increases the partial hydrogen/deuterium pressure when the absorption and desorption processes reach an equilibrium. The higher the number of desorption sites that are blocked, the higher the equilibrium pressure can be reached for attaining a higher hydrogen loading ratio. Moreover, since hydrogen desorption occurs at grain boundaries, reducing grain boundaries is conducive to reducing the hydrogen desorption rate. Methods and apparatus for increasing grain sizes to reduce grain boundaries are also disclosed.</description><language>eng</language><subject>AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUSPOLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE ; APPARATUS THEREFOR ; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES, OR VITREOUSENAMELS ; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOIDCHEMISTRY ; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT ; CHEMISTRY ; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATIONOR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL ; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY IONIMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL ; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL ; COATING METALLIC MATERIAL ; COMPOUNDS THEREOF ; CRYSTAL GROWTH ; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL ; GLASS ; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION INGENERAL ; INORGANIC CHEMISTRY ; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS ; LAYERED PRODUCTS ; LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT ORNON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM ; METALLURGY ; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL ; NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS ; PERFORMING OPERATIONS ; PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE ; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL ; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE ; SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH ; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS,MINERALS OR SLAGS ; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS ; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THESURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION ; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS ; TRANSPORTING ; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL ORUNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL</subject><creationdate>2020</creationdate><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?FT=D&date=20200903&DB=EPODOC&CC=US&NR=2020277185A1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gepo$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,308,780,885,25564,76547</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?FT=D&date=20200903&DB=EPODOC&CC=US&NR=2020277185A1$$EView_record_in_European_Patent_Office$$FView_record_in_$$GEuropean_Patent_Office$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Greenwald, Michael Raymond</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burgess, Darren R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbee, Brent W</creatorcontrib><title>METHODS FOR IMPROVING LOADING RATIO OF HYDROGEN GAS</title><description>Methods and apparatus for improving the loading ratio of a hydrogen gas in a transition metal are disclosed. Blocking desorption sites on the surface of a metallic structure increases the partial hydrogen/deuterium pressure when the absorption and desorption processes reach an equilibrium. The higher the number of desorption sites that are blocked, the higher the equilibrium pressure can be reached for attaining a higher hydrogen loading ratio. Moreover, since hydrogen desorption occurs at grain boundaries, reducing grain boundaries is conducive to reducing the hydrogen desorption rate. Methods and apparatus for increasing grain sizes to reduce grain boundaries are also disclosed.</description><subject>AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUSPOLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE</subject><subject>APPARATUS THEREFOR</subject><subject>CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES, OR VITREOUSENAMELS</subject><subject>CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOIDCHEMISTRY</subject><subject>CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT</subject><subject>CHEMISTRY</subject><subject>COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATIONOR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL</subject><subject>COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY IONIMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL</subject><subject>COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL</subject><subject>COATING METALLIC MATERIAL</subject><subject>COMPOUNDS THEREOF</subject><subject>CRYSTAL GROWTH</subject><subject>DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL</subject><subject>GLASS</subject><subject>INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION INGENERAL</subject><subject>INORGANIC CHEMISTRY</subject><subject>JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS</subject><subject>LAYERED PRODUCTS</subject><subject>LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT ORNON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM</subject><subject>METALLURGY</subject><subject>MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL</subject><subject>NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS</subject><subject>PERFORMING OPERATIONS</subject><subject>PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL</subject><subject>PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE</subject><subject>REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL</subject><subject>SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE</subject><subject>SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH</subject><subject>SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS,MINERALS OR SLAGS</subject><subject>SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS</subject><subject>SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THESURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION</subject><subject>THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS</subject><subject>TRANSPORTING</subject><subject>UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL ORUNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL</subject><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>patent</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>patent</recordtype><sourceid>EVB</sourceid><recordid>eNrjZDD2dQ3x8HcJVnDzD1Lw9A0I8g_z9HNX8PF3dAHRQY4hnv4K_m4KHpEuQf7urn4K7o7BPAysaYk5xam8UJqbQdnNNcTZQze1ID8-tbggMTk1L7UkPjTYyAAIzc0NLUwdDY2JUwUANYsn9Q</recordid><startdate>20200903</startdate><enddate>20200903</enddate><creator>Greenwald, Michael Raymond</creator><creator>Burgess, Darren R</creator><creator>Barbee, Brent W</creator><scope>EVB</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200903</creationdate><title>METHODS FOR IMPROVING LOADING RATIO OF HYDROGEN GAS</title><author>Greenwald, Michael Raymond ; Burgess, Darren R ; Barbee, Brent W</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-epo_espacenet_US2020277185A13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>patents</rsrctype><prefilter>patents</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUSPOLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE</topic><topic>APPARATUS THEREFOR</topic><topic>CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES, OR VITREOUSENAMELS</topic><topic>CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOIDCHEMISTRY</topic><topic>CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT</topic><topic>CHEMISTRY</topic><topic>COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATIONOR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL</topic><topic>COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY IONIMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL</topic><topic>COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL</topic><topic>COATING METALLIC MATERIAL</topic><topic>COMPOUNDS THEREOF</topic><topic>CRYSTAL GROWTH</topic><topic>DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL</topic><topic>GLASS</topic><topic>INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION INGENERAL</topic><topic>INORGANIC CHEMISTRY</topic><topic>JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS</topic><topic>LAYERED PRODUCTS</topic><topic>LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT ORNON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM</topic><topic>METALLURGY</topic><topic>MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL</topic><topic>NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS</topic><topic>PERFORMING OPERATIONS</topic><topic>PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL</topic><topic>PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE</topic><topic>REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL</topic><topic>SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE</topic><topic>SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH</topic><topic>SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS,MINERALS OR SLAGS</topic><topic>SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS</topic><topic>SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THESURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION</topic><topic>THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS</topic><topic>TRANSPORTING</topic><topic>UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL ORUNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Greenwald, Michael Raymond</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burgess, Darren R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbee, Brent W</creatorcontrib><collection>esp@cenet</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Greenwald, Michael Raymond</au><au>Burgess, Darren R</au><au>Barbee, Brent W</au><format>patent</format><genre>patent</genre><ristype>GEN</ristype><title>METHODS FOR IMPROVING LOADING RATIO OF HYDROGEN GAS</title><date>2020-09-03</date><risdate>2020</risdate><abstract>Methods and apparatus for improving the loading ratio of a hydrogen gas in a transition metal are disclosed. Blocking desorption sites on the surface of a metallic structure increases the partial hydrogen/deuterium pressure when the absorption and desorption processes reach an equilibrium. The higher the number of desorption sites that are blocked, the higher the equilibrium pressure can be reached for attaining a higher hydrogen loading ratio. Moreover, since hydrogen desorption occurs at grain boundaries, reducing grain boundaries is conducive to reducing the hydrogen desorption rate. Methods and apparatus for increasing grain sizes to reduce grain boundaries are also disclosed.</abstract><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUSPOLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE APPARATUS THEREFOR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES, OR VITREOUSENAMELS CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOIDCHEMISTRY CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT CHEMISTRY COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATIONOR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY IONIMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL COATING METALLIC MATERIAL COMPOUNDS THEREOF CRYSTAL GROWTH DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL GLASS INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION INGENERAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS LAYERED PRODUCTS LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT ORNON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM METALLURGY MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS PERFORMING OPERATIONS PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITHDEFINED STRUCTURE SINGLE-CRYSTAL-GROWTH SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS,MINERALS OR SLAGS SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THESURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS TRANSPORTING UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL ORUNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL |
| title | METHODS FOR IMPROVING LOADING RATIO OF HYDROGEN GAS |
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