Method of Reusing Untreated Produced Water in Hydraulic Fracturing

Embodiments herein relate to a method of forming a fluid including controlling the pH of the water, wherein the pH after controlling is 4.0 to 7.5, introducing a polymer comprising guar to the water to form a fluid, introducing a crosslinker comprising zirconium a group 4 metal to the fluid, and obs...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser: McMahon Blake, Mirakyan Andrey, Mackay Bruce
Format: Patent
Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Embodiments herein relate to a method of forming a fluid including controlling the pH of the water, wherein the pH after controlling is 4.0 to 7.5, introducing a polymer comprising guar to the water to form a fluid, introducing a crosslinker comprising zirconium a group 4 metal to the fluid, and observing the viscosity of the fluid, wherein the viscosity is at least 80 cP at 100 s-1 in the first half-hour after introducing the crosslinker. In some embodiments, the water is collected from an oil field services water treatment facility, pond, or truck. Embodiments herein relate to a method of forming a fluid including analyzing water for pH wherein the water comprises a salinity of 300 ppm or greater, controlling the pH of the water, wherein the pH after controlling is 4.5 to 8.0, introducing a polymer to the water to form a fluid, introducing a crosslinker to the fluid, and observing the viscosity, wherein the viscosity is at least 80 cP at 100 s-1 in the first half-hour after introducing the crosslinker is at least 80 cP at 100 s-1 in the first half-hour after introducing the crosslinker.