METHOD FOR ACCELERATING ELECTRONS IN A LINEAR ACCELERATOR AND AN ACCELERATING STRUCTURE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD

The invention relates to a method for accelerating low-injection energy electrons in a continuous standing wave linear accelerator (9) consisting in successively grouping electrons, in accelerating said electrons in a high-frequency electromagnetic field, which is formed in accelerating units (2, 3, 4i) and in which the electron flow is supplied directly from a low-energy electron source (10) to said subsequently accelerating cells (2, 3, 4i) interconnected via connection cells (5, 6i), in grouping electrons with the aid of the first accelerating unit embodied in the form of a bunch resonator (2) at a determined voltage Ug on the gap thereof, in increasing the electron energy in the second accelerating unit embodied in the form of a booster resonator (3) in such a way that the relative speed thereof $g(b) is $m(G) 0.4-0.5, wherein the optimal bunching thereof is carried out according to the electron flow speed at the bunch resonator (2) input and to the high-frequency electromagnetic field wavelength, and in accelerating the electron energy in the accelerating unit (4i) following-up the second unit to a required quantity, wherein the optimal phase of particles with respect to the electromagnetic field is ensured, at least in the accelerating units in which non-relativistic electrons whose kinetic energy is less than a rest energy equal to 0.511 MeV are supplied, by selecting the length (L1, Li) of the accelerating structure segment, which is located between the centres (E2, E3, E41, E4I) of the adjacent connection cells and comprises said accelerating unit, wherein said selection is based on the equality between the relation of the length (Li) of each following segment to the length (LI−1) of the previous segment and the relation of the average electron speed in the previous segment to the average electron speed in the following segment.