A DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE ULTIMATE STRENGTH OF SOIL DURING SHEAR

The device for determining the shear strength of soil contains a base plate on which a threaded base is fixed and the lower part of a cylindrical shell is vertically screwed onto it. A cover with a guide sleeve mounted therein is screwed onto the upper part of this shell, in which the sliding rod of the soil compressor placed in the cylindrical shell is vertically placed, where, in addition to the sliding rod fixed by a screw, the soil compressor is located in the form of a cone die, and a plate spike made at the bottom of the sliding rod is placed in the groove of the upper end of this die. The lower annular base of the cone die is supported on the ground. The cone die is pressed against the slide rod's plate spike by a screw that is threaded through the die's smaller cylindrical hole and screwed into the slide rod. The outer side surface of the die and the side surface of its larger inner hole are tapered to prevent these tapered surfaces from contacting the soil during the compaction process. A cantilever arm is horizontally mounted on the sliding rod and fixed with a screw, connected to a horizontally located hand-held electronic dynamometer, the longitudinal axis of which is perpendicular to the cantilever arm. A cylindrical cup for weights is mounted on top of the sliding rod. On the lower annular base of the cone die there are soil hooks, each of which is made in the form of a dihedral wedge, with the face in front of the direction of rotation of the die, vertical flat and trapezoidal, and the plane of this face coincides with the axis of rotation of the die. The rear flat face of the wedge is inclined to the front face at a constant angle. The outer and inner conical sidewalls of each claw are coincident with the corresponding conical surfaces of the stamp. Пристрій для визначення межі міцності ґрунту під час зсуву містить базову плиту, на якій закріплена різьбова основа і на неї вертикально нагвинчена нижня частина циліндричної обичайки. На верхню частину цієї обичайки нагвинчена кришка із змонтованою в ній напрямною втулкою, в якій вертикально розміщений ковзний шток стискача ґрунту, розміщеного в циліндричній обичайці, де крім ковзного штока, фіксованого гвинтом, розташований стискач ґрунту, виконаний у вигляді конусного штампа, й у паз верхнього торця цього штампа поміщений тарілчастий шип, виготовлений внизу ковзного штока. Нижня кільцева основа конусного штампа обперта на ґрунт. Конусний штамп притиснений до тарілчастого шипа ковзного штока г