Spectral calibration apparatus and spectral calibration method

Provided are a spectral calibration device and a spectral calibration method that can highly accurately carry out spectral calibration even when peaks emerge simultaneously among fluorescent pigments. This spectral calibration device is for calculating a color conversion matrix for use in a color conversion process, and is provided with: a spectroscopy signal acquisition unit that acquires a spectroscopy signal of fluorescent light detected over time; a candidate calculation unit that calculates, on the basis of the spectroscopy signal, a color conversion matrix candidate for each of parameter values which are dependent on the frequency of simultaneous emergences of the fluorescent peaks of the fluorescent pigments; and a selection unit that selects a color conversion matrix on the basis of an evaluation value calculated for each of the candidates.