PROCEDE ET REACTEUR MULTI-ZONE POUR LE CRAQUAGE DE CHARGES D'HYDROCARBURES LOURDS

LA CHARGE D'ALIMENTATION 10 PENETRE DANS UNE ZONE SUPERIEURE DE CRAQUAGE 14 A LIT FLUIDISE A 482-760C, OU LES GOUDRONS ET LE COKE SONT DEPOSES SUR ET DANS UN SUPPORT PARTICULAIRE 17, QUI DESCEND A TRAVERS UNE ZONE D'ENTRAINEMENT 18 DANS UNE ZONE INFERIEURE DE GAZEIFICATION 20 A LIT FLUIDISE A 927-1093C PAR INTRODUCTION D'UN GAZ CONTENANT O ET DE VAPEUR. LA ZONE D'ENTRAINEMENT 18 CONTIENT UN MATERIAU DE GARNISSAGE GROSSIER 19 SUPPORTE PAR UNE GRILLE REFRACTAIRE ANNULAIRE 34. LE SUPPORT 17 DECOKEFIE EST RECYCLE VERS LE LIT 15 PAR UN GAZ DE TRANSPORT DANS UNE CONDUITE CENTRALE 28, LE TAUX DE RECYCLAGE ETANT REGLE PAR UNE SOUPAPE 50. In a multiple-zone fluidized bed conversion process and apparatus for producing light distillate liquid and fuel gas products from heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks, the feedstock is introduced into an upper fluidized bed cracking zone 14 maintained at a temperature of 482-760 DEG C (900-1400 DEG F) for cracking reactions, and resulting tars and coke are deposited on and within a particulate carrier material 17 therein. The carrier material descends through a stripping zone 18 to remove tars and then into a lower fluidized bed gasification zone 20, which is maintained at a temperature of 927-1093 DEG C (1700-2000 DEG F) by O2-containing gas and steam introduced therein at 22 to gasify the coke and produce a reducing gas. The stripping zone 18 contains coarse packing material 19 which is supported by a refractory annular- shaped grid 34. The decoked hot particulate carrier is recirculated by a transport gas supplied at 24, upwardly through a central refractory-lined conduit 28 to the upper bed. Such recycle of the carrier solids is controlled by a refractory-lined gas- cooled valve 50.