METHOD OF BRAKING MECHANICAL WINCH AND A GEAR BOX THEREFOR

1. A method of braking a mechanical winch, comprising a subsequent changing over power chains of a winch gear box to a lower step, which corresponds to maximum slowdown operation of driving gears, characterized in that braking from the lowest step to full stop is performed by actuating a holonomic variable driving gear so that its driven member is connected to a winch shaft, its driving member is connected to a hydraulic brake and a supporting member is connected to a housing. 2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that a precise regulation of said mechanical winch stop phase is carried out by regulating the support member position of the variable driving gear using an additional motor connected via a reduction gear between the housing and the support member of the variable driving gear. 3. A gear box of a mechanical winch, comprising a torque source and at least two shafts, input and output, arranged in the housing, power chains connected by their inputs to the input shaft, said chains consist of a system of gear and pinion pairs and synchronized clutch coupling and which are numbered according to a serial number of a corresponding gear, and a holonomic variable driving gear, the driven member of which is connected to the output shaft, its first driving member is associated with the power chains of only odd gears, and the second member is associated with only even gears and one tie with the housing, characterized in that comprises a hydraulic brake connected to the input shaft, an input synchronizer connected between the torque source and the input shaft, and also an additional synchronizer connected to a tie of the second driving member of the variable driving gear with the housing. 4. The gear box of claim 1, characterized in that comprises a regulating mechanism of the output shaft initial position comprising an additional motor and a reduction gear connected successively between the second additional synchronizer and the housing. 5. The gear box of claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic brake is connected to the input shaft via an additional free-wheel clutch. 6. The gear box of claim 1, characterized in that comprises an output change over and a demultiplecation and a reversing gear mechanism connected so that the input of the output change over is connected to the output shaft of the gear box, its first output to the shaft of the mechanical winch, the second output to the input of the demultiplecation and a reversing gear mechanism, the ou