Verfahren zum Entfernen von unzulänglich an den Untergrund gekoppelten Antworteigenschaften in seismischen Signalen

Removing objectionable ground-coupling response characteristics from seismic signals due to an imperfectly coupled seismic receiver polarised in a cross-line direction, relative to a well-coupled, co-located seismic receiver polarised in an in-line direction, comprises: (a) along a preselected source-receiver trajectory vector, assembling several in-line seismic signal wave trains emanating from a selected in-line seismic receiver in a first common-receiver gather and assembling several cross-line seismic signal wave trains emanating from a co-located cross-line receiver in a second common-receiver gather; (b) in the time domain, individually auto-correlating each of the seismic-signal wave trains resident in the respective first and second common-receiver gathers to provide several in-line and cross-line auto correlations; (c) normalising the respective in-line auto-correlations to unity and normalising te respective cross-line auto-correlations to the corresponding in-li ne auto-correlations; (d)scaling the normalised cross-line auto-correlations to compensate for the difference between the cross-line polarisation direction and the pre-selected source-receiver trajectory vector; (e) averaging the normalised in-line auto-correlations and the normalised scaled cross-line auto-correlations and transforming same to the frequency domain to define in-line and cross-line amplitude spectra; (f) deconvolving the cross-line auto-correlation by the in-line auto-correlation to define a coupling deconvolution operator; and (g) applying the coupling deconvolution operator to the cross-line seismic-signal wave trains resident in the cross-line common-receiver gather to compensate the signals for the imperfect ground-coupling response characteristics due to the cross-line receivers.