Catalyst for preparing ethyleneimine through intramolecular dehydration of monoethanolamine and preparation method of catalyst

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a catalyst for preparing ethyleneimine through intramolecular dehydration of monoethanolamine, the catalyst is a supported catalyst, the general formula of the catalyst is XaYbPcSidOe, X is alkali metal, Y is alkaline earth metal, a is equal to 0.1-0.2, b is equal to 0.03-0.15, c is equal to 0.3-0.5, d is equal to 1, and e is equal to 1-2. According to the present invention, the silicon powder is adopted as the carrier, and one or more alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are doped to prepare the catalyst, such that the ethanolamine conversion rate can be close to 88%, and the selectivity of the ethyleneimine can achieve more than 85%; the catalyst disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method, high in activity, long in service life and easy to realize industrial amplification; the catalyst provided by the invention is simple in use process, mild in reaction condition, high