Method for producing active magnesium oxide through hydrogenation refining of magnesium carbonate and extracting nickel and cobalt

The invention provides a method for producing active magnesium oxide through hydrogenation refining of magnesium carbonate and precipitating nickel and cobalt. The method comprises the following steps: (1) reducing and refining magnesium carbonate and transition metal doped magnesium carbonate under a hydrogen atmosphere condition to produce active magnesium oxide, converting carbon in the magnesium carbonate into CH4 and other high-value gases, and reducing the emission of CO2; and (2) active magnesium oxide is used as an alkaline precipitator for increasing the pH value of the solution containing cobalt and nickel ions to form cobalt and nickel hydroxide precipitates, so that cobalt and nickel are separated. According to the method, carbon in magnesium carbonate can be converted into CH4 and other high-value gases, emission reduction of CO2 in the magnesium carbonate pyrolysis process is achieved, the decomposition temperature of magnesium carbonate is reduced, and production energy consumption is reduced;