Model predictive battery power limit estimation system and method

Systems and methods for improving operation of an automotive battery system that includes an automotive electrical system that includes a battery system that improves performance and reliability using operational parameters, a predicted internal resistance of the battery that is expected within a predicted range, and a real-time internal resistance of the battery. A battery system includes a battery electrically coupled to an electrical device in an automotive system, a sensor coupled to the battery and determining a terminal voltage of the battery, and a battery control system communicatively coupled to the sensor. The battery control system determines a charging power limit based on the predicted internal resistance when the measured terminal voltage of the battery is not greater than the lower limit of the voltage threshold, and based on the real-time internal resistance of the battery when the measured terminal voltage of the battery is greater than the lower limit of the voltage threshold, the charging p