Special high and low temperature environment simulation test equipment for speed reducer and test method

The invention discloses special high-low temperature environment simulation test equipment for a speed reducer and a test method, and relates to the technical field of speed reducer experiment test. A high and low temperature environment simulation test device special for a speed reducer comprises a cast iron platform, the cast iron platform is sequentially provided with a driving motor, an input end heat insulation shaft system, a simulation environment temperature box, an output end heat insulation shaft system, a torque sensor and a torque loader, and a tested speed reducer is arranged in the simulation environment temperature box. An output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the tested speed reducer through an input end heat insulation shaft system, and an output shaft of the tested speed reducer is fixedly connected with the torque sensor through an output end heat insulation shaft system. The transmission error and torque change of the tested speed reducer at high and