Data retrieval method and related equipment

The invention discloses a data retrieval method, which comprises the following steps that: a routing node can determine a target vector according to vector similarity between a first vector and a plurality of second vectors, determine a target index node in a plurality of index nodes based on routing information, and transmit the first vector to the target index node, and the target index node determines a retrieval result from a third vector stored in the target index node. In the application, the third vector with very high similarity with the first vector is stored on the specific index node, so that the routing node only needs to send the first vector to the target index node, and the target index node can obtain a very accurate retrieval result based on the candidate node stored by the target index node; and an accurate retrieval result can be obtained only by accessing one or a part of index nodes (with a small number) in each retrieval, so that the similarity retrieval performance of a large-scale vect