Copper-based composite catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention provides a copper-based composite catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of catalysis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving copper chloride, salts of hydrogen storage metal elements, aluminum chloride and urea in water to obtain a mixed solution; the salt of the hydrogen storage metal element is magnesium chloride or nickel chloride; the mixed solution is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction, and the copper-based composite catalyst is obtained. The metal inorganic salt and urea which are cheap and easy to obtain are used in the hydrothermal synthesis process, water is used as a solvent, a surfactant and corrosive hydrazine hydrate or HF, concentrated H2SO4 and the like are not used, and the synthesis method is simple, convenient, economical and environmentally friendly. The prepared catalyst is of a multi-stage structure, has a large specific surface area and rich pore structures, and is beneficial to exposure and