Preparation method and application of carbon-based catalyst with high-breathability porous structure

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy materials, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a high-breathability porous-structure carbon-based catalyst, which comprises the following steps: dissolving zinc salt, nickel salt and phthalocyanine iron in a solvent, and dispersing to obtain a solution A; dissolving an initiator in 1-vinyl imidazole, and heating and polymerizing under the protection atmosphere of inert gas to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, performing hydrothermal treatment, washing and drying to obtain a reaction product; and carbonizing the reaction product to obtain the carbon-based catalyst. A polyvinyl imidazole-Zn series precursor is adopted as a carbon source and a nitrogen source, and iron phthalocyanine is added, so that a large number of micropores, mesopores and macropores are generated in the high-temperature carbonization process of the material, the prepared catalyst has a hierarchical porous structure, and the specific surfa