Mountain fire monitoring system and mountain fire monitoring method

The invention discloses a mountain fire monitoring system and a mountain fire monitoring method. The mountain fire monitoring system comprises a redundant optical fiber module, N distributed signal processing devices and a transformer substation data processing platform, and the redundant optical fiber module is erected at the top end of a tower along with a power transmission line and used for monitoring environmental parameters of the power transmission line and transmitting environmental parameter data; the distributed signal processing devices are respectively arranged in different sections of the redundant optical fiber module; the distributed signal processing devices are used for forming incident light, transmitting the incident light to the redundant optical fiber module in the section where the distributed signal processing device is located, receiving backward light of the redundant optical fiber module, generating environmental parameter data according to the backward light, and transmitting the en