Step-by-step buffering tensile anchor rod adapting to deformation of block rock mass

The invention discloses a step-by-step buffering tensile anchor rod adapting to deformation of block rock mass. The anchor rod comprises a rod body, an anchor head, a tray and a nut, wherein the rod body comprises a first hollow rod, a solid rod and a second hollow rod; the plugging end of the first hollow rod is provided with a first switching external thread, and the bottom of a hole is provided with a first switching internal thread; the tray and the nut are sequentially arranged on the first through connection external thread in a sleeving mode from inside to outside. one end of the solid rod is provided with a second switching external thread, and the outer surface of the other end is circumferentially and uniformly provided with a plurality of top block cutters; the solid rod is fixedly screwed with the first hollow rod; one end of the second hollow rod is provided with a second switching internal thread; the anchor head is fixedly screwed with the second hollow rod; the solid rod is sleeved with the se