Farmland nitrogen runoff estimation method and device, computer equipment and storage medium

The invention discloses a farmland nitrogen runoff estimation method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a plurality of pieces of sample data, and constructing a model parameter optimization training sample data set according to the plurality of pieces of sample data; dividing the model parameter optimization training sample data set into a plurality of subsets according to field management modes and/or crop types, performing optimization calibration on model parameters of a preset nitrogen runoff model equation according to the divided sample data subsets, and establishing a nitrogen runoff regression equation; acquiring spatial distribution data of a to-be-estimated research area, creating a research area model input data set, wherein the spatial distribution data also comprises soil attributes, a field management mode, crop types, climate and other research area spatial distribution data; and calculating the farmland nitrogen runoff of the to-b