Preparation method and application of immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles

The invention provides a preparation method and application of immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (a) culturing animal cells subjected to primary separation and purification in a culture system for a period of time so as to accumulate effective concentration of immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles in a culture medium; (b) collecting the medium of step (a); and (c) separating the immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles from the culture medium collected in the step (b). The extracellular vesicle provided by the invention has immunomodulatory activity, can activate macrophages and convert into M1 phenotype, and provides a theoretical basis for prevention or treatment of diseases caused or aggravated by immunosuppression. 本发明提供一种免疫调节小胞外囊泡的制备方法及其用途，制备方法包括如下步骤：（a）将原代分离纯化的动物细胞在培养体系中培养一段时间，以使培养基中积累有效浓度的免疫调节小胞外囊泡；（b）收集步骤（a）的培养基；（c）从步骤（b）收集的培养基中分离出免疫调节小胞外囊泡。本发明提供的小胞外囊泡具有免疫调节活性，能够激活巨噬细胞，向M1表型转化，为由免疫抑制引起或加重的疾病的预防或治疗提供理论依据。