Novel biological chip substrate as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a novel biological chip substrate as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The surface of the novel biological chip substrate contains an active vinyl sulfone group; the preparation method comprises the following step: enabling a compound containing the active vinyl sulfone groups at two ends and silanol on the surface of a silicon-based biological chip substrate material to react under a catalysis condition, so as to realize the preparation of the biological chip substrate. According to the application, amino or thiol in a biological macromolecule and the vinyl sulfone group on the surface of the biological chip substrate are subjected to Michael addition to immobilize the biological macromolecule, and bio-functionalization is realized. The biological chip substrate disclosed by the invention has the high-density active vinyl sulfone group and can be used for immobilizing various biological molecules; the immobilization conditions are moderate and the operation is simp