Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal based identity authentication method and system

The invention discloses an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal based identity authentication method, including a registration link and an authentication link, wherein the registration link includes the following steps: pre-storing a negative sample, pre-processing an ECG signal that is used as the negative sample, collecting a user template ECG signal, detecting the location of R waves, intercepting QTwaves, generating sparse feature templates from the intercepted QT waves by using a differential dictionary learning algorithm for sparse representation, and then evaluating an optimal sparse featuretemplate, and searching an optimal threshold; the authentication link includes the following steps: generating sparse features by using the pre-processed ECG signal, and then performing preliminary authentication based on the optimal threshold, and completing the authentication based on maximum entropy voting; and if remote identity authentication is performed, the method also includes the step of compressing data and tra