Large surrounding rock stress measuring device and method based on fiber bragg grating displacement meter string

The invention discloses a large surrounding rock stress measuring device and method based on a fiber bragg grating displacement meter string. The device comprises displacement meters connected in sequence. The displacement meters comprise displacement sensing mechanisms and signal converting mechanisms, wherein the displacement mechanisms and the signal converting mechanisms are connected through signal transmission mechanisms. The displacement sensing mechanisms convert the displacement of the surrounding rock at the position where the displacement sensing mechanisms are mounted into signals capable of being transmitted through the signal transmission mechanisms, and then the dependent variable is converted according to the displacement. The signal converting mechanisms comprises display screens. The method includes the following steps that a mounting hole is formed in the surrounding rock in the surrounding rock stress measuring direction; corresponding numbers of displacement meters are assembled according to the length in the detection direction; the assembled device based on the fiber bragg grating displacement meter string and used for measuring the large surrounding rock stress is assembled into the mounting hole; the mounting hole is filled with slurry, the slurry is hardened, and the displacement sensing mechanisms and the surrounding rock are combined into a whole. The device and method have the advantages of being capable of continuously and accurately measuring the large surrounding rock stress.