Robot hand and robot

A robot hand according to the present invention holds a microtube (19) by causing a pair of bits (64) to perform an opening-closing operation. The robot hand includes a lug (71) that comes into contact with an outer peripheral surface of a container body (19a) of the microtube (19) or an outer peripheral surface of a cap portion (19b) of the microtube (19) as a result of the opening-closing operation, and a rectangular recess (70) in which both a part of the cap portion (19b) and a part of a flange (19d) of the microtube (19) are inserted while the lug (71) is in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the microtube (19). The rectangular recess (70) has a rectangular shape and includes a pair of surfaces between which the cap portion (19b) and the flange (19d) are disposed. The pair of bits (64) is closed while a corner of the rectangular recess (70) is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the container body (19a) to retain the microtube (19) in an orientation different from an orientation of the microtube (19) in the state in which the cap portion (19b) is inserted in the rectangular recess (70).