Railway fastener self-adaptive positioning method based on image sequence and high-speed detection system

The invention provides a railway fastener self-adaptive positioning method based on an image sequence and a high-speed detection system. The system consists of detectors, a cable and a controller, wherein four detectors are arranged below train carriages, and are over against the upper sides of regions where fasteners on both sides of two steel rails are positioned respectively; a controller is arranged in a carriage, and is connected with the four detectors through the cable; in the running process of a train, the detectors work continuously and are used for acquiring images of regions where the fasteners are positioned and transmitting to the controller via the cable; the controller is used for automatically adjusting the sampling frequency of a camera according to the appearance frequencies of the fasteners in the acquired image sequence and the positions of the fasteners in a visual field through image processing and mode identification, so that self-adaptive positioning and detection of the fasteners are