Smoking Cessation Related to Improved Patient-Reported Pain Scores Following Spinal Care
Background Smoking is associated with low back pain, intervertebral disc disease, inferior patient outcomes following surgical interventions, and increased rates of postoperative complications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of smoking and smoking cessation on pain and di...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume 2012, Vol.94 (23), p.2161-2166 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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