Advances in X-Ray Simulator Technology

DNA's future x-ray simulators are based upon inductive energy storage, a technology which offers the promise of more compact and affordable energy storage and delivery for larger systems. DECADE is a prime example of this technology. DECADE will store approximately 10 megajoules and deliver about 2 megajoules to separate bremsstrahlung sources or to a combined plasma radiation source load. Two DECADE prototype modules have already operated, demonstrating that key parameters can be met. Figure 1 shows the concept of inductive energy storage. An opening switch is placed in parallel with the load. Energy is delivered to the load when the switch rapidly increases its resistance (i.e., opens). The most commonly used form is the plasma opening switch (POS) which opens as plasma charge carriers are depleted or move out of the conduction region under the influence of JxB forces. The figure also illustrates the scaling of the voltage produced across the switch. It is proportional to the current and inversely proportional to the opening time. Switch performance has been demonstrated with short opening times and lower switch voltages. The state of switch technology is also indicated in Figure 1. The risk of switch performance would be lower for soft x-ray simulators if plasma radiation source loads can operate with longer implosion times. See also ADM002371. 2013 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference, Digest of Technical Papers 1976-2013, and Abstracts of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science. Held in San Francisco, CA on 16-21 June 2013. U.S. Government or Federal Purpose Rights License.