Measurement and Interpretation of Contaminant Radiations in the Spacecraft Environment
Video photographs and spectra of the optical radiations excited by reactions of the energetic exhaust gases from space shuttle's aspect-controlling bipropellant rocket engines with the orbital atmosphere are analyzed. The data were taken with the Air Force Maui Optical Station's cameras an...
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| creator | Kofsky, I L Rall, D L Sluder, R B |
| description | Video photographs and spectra of the optical radiations excited by reactions of the energetic exhaust gases from space shuttle's aspect-controlling bipropellant rocket engines with the orbital atmosphere are analyzed. The data were taken with the Air Force Maui Optical Station's cameras and a new imaging spectrograph as these 400 kgf Primary Reaction Control System thrusters operated in ram-wake-perpendicular to the trajectory sequences planned by Geophysics Directorate. Emission originated from a few km parallel and transverse to the symmetry axis of the exhaust; the surface brightness distributions from the firings to windward are well fit by Gaussians; and the total sterances determined by calibration against known stars were in the approximate ration 10 (ram) : 5 (perpendicular) : 1 (wake), showing that the kinetic energy of the combustion products plays a major part in exciting chemiluminescence. Three orders of magnitude less radiation arose from the spacecraft region than from the much larger volume in which the exhaust interacts, from which the hard body appeared physically separated. |
| format | Report |
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The data were taken with the Air Force Maui Optical Station's cameras and a new imaging spectrograph as these 400 kgf Primary Reaction Control System thrusters operated in ram-wake-perpendicular to the trajectory sequences planned by Geophysics Directorate. Emission originated from a few km parallel and transverse to the symmetry axis of the exhaust; the surface brightness distributions from the firings to windward are well fit by Gaussians; and the total sterances determined by calibration against known stars were in the approximate ration 10 (ram) : 5 (perpendicular) : 1 (wake), showing that the kinetic energy of the combustion products plays a major part in exciting chemiluminescence. Three orders of magnitude less radiation arose from the spacecraft region than from the much larger volume in which the exhaust interacts, from which the hard body appeared physically separated.</description><language>eng</language><subject>AIR FORCE ; ATMOSPHERES ; BRIGHTNESS ; CALIBRATION ; CAMERAS ; CHEMICAL KINETICS ; CHEMILUMINESCENCE ; COMBUSTION PRODUCTS ; DISTRIBUTION ; ENERGETIC PROPERTIES ; EXHAUST GASES ; GEOPHYSICS ; KINETIC ENERGY ; OPTICAL PROPERTIES ; ORBITS ; PE63220C ; REGIONS ; ROCKET EXHAUST REACTIONS ; SEQUENCES ; SPACE ENVIRONMENTS ; SPACECRAFT ; SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION ; SPACECRAFT OPTICAL SIGNATURES ; SPECTROGRAPHS ; STARS ; STATIONS ; SURFACES ; SYMMETRY ; THRUSTER ENGINES ; TRAJECTORIES ; Unmanned Spacecraft ; VIDEO PHOTOMETRY ; VIDEO SIGNALS ; WAKE ; WUPL532131AA</subject><creationdate>1991</creationdate><rights>Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,776,881,27546,27547</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA241756$$EView_record_in_DTIC$$FView_record_in_$$GDTIC$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kofsky, I L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rall, D L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sluder, R B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PHOTOMETRICS INC WOBURN MA</creatorcontrib><title>Measurement and Interpretation of Contaminant Radiations in the Spacecraft Environment</title><description>Video photographs and spectra of the optical radiations excited by reactions of the energetic exhaust gases from space shuttle's aspect-controlling bipropellant rocket engines with the orbital atmosphere are analyzed. The data were taken with the Air Force Maui Optical Station's cameras and a new imaging spectrograph as these 400 kgf Primary Reaction Control System thrusters operated in ram-wake-perpendicular to the trajectory sequences planned by Geophysics Directorate. Emission originated from a few km parallel and transverse to the symmetry axis of the exhaust; the surface brightness distributions from the firings to windward are well fit by Gaussians; and the total sterances determined by calibration against known stars were in the approximate ration 10 (ram) : 5 (perpendicular) : 1 (wake), showing that the kinetic energy of the combustion products plays a major part in exciting chemiluminescence. Three orders of magnitude less radiation arose from the spacecraft region than from the much larger volume in which the exhaust interacts, from which the hard body appeared physically separated.</description><subject>AIR FORCE</subject><subject>ATMOSPHERES</subject><subject>BRIGHTNESS</subject><subject>CALIBRATION</subject><subject>CAMERAS</subject><subject>CHEMICAL KINETICS</subject><subject>CHEMILUMINESCENCE</subject><subject>COMBUSTION PRODUCTS</subject><subject>DISTRIBUTION</subject><subject>ENERGETIC PROPERTIES</subject><subject>EXHAUST GASES</subject><subject>GEOPHYSICS</subject><subject>KINETIC ENERGY</subject><subject>OPTICAL PROPERTIES</subject><subject>ORBITS</subject><subject>PE63220C</subject><subject>REGIONS</subject><subject>ROCKET EXHAUST REACTIONS</subject><subject>SEQUENCES</subject><subject>SPACE ENVIRONMENTS</subject><subject>SPACECRAFT</subject><subject>SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION</subject><subject>SPACECRAFT OPTICAL SIGNATURES</subject><subject>SPECTROGRAPHS</subject><subject>STARS</subject><subject>STATIONS</subject><subject>SURFACES</subject><subject>SYMMETRY</subject><subject>THRUSTER ENGINES</subject><subject>TRAJECTORIES</subject><subject>Unmanned Spacecraft</subject><subject>VIDEO PHOTOMETRY</subject><subject>VIDEO SIGNALS</subject><subject>WAKE</subject><subject>WUPL532131AA</subject><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>report</rsrctype><creationdate>1991</creationdate><recordtype>report</recordtype><sourceid>1RU</sourceid><recordid>eNqFjLsOwjAMALMwIOAPGPwDDOXVuSpFZWABxFpZiSMsUadyDN_PQ-xMN9zpxu56JMwPpZ7EACXAQYx0UDI0TgIpQp3EsGfBd3HCwF-RgQXsRnAe0JNXjAaNPFmTfFZTN4p4zzT7ceLm--ZSt4tg7LtsLGRdtauW66LcbFd_9AsU7jck</recordid><startdate>19910628</startdate><enddate>19910628</enddate><creator>Kofsky, I L</creator><creator>Rall, D L</creator><creator>Sluder, R B</creator><scope>1RU</scope><scope>BHM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19910628</creationdate><title>Measurement and Interpretation of Contaminant Radiations in the Spacecraft Environment</title><author>Kofsky, I L ; Rall, D L ; Sluder, R B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-dtic_stinet_ADA2417563</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>reports</rsrctype><prefilter>reports</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1991</creationdate><topic>AIR FORCE</topic><topic>ATMOSPHERES</topic><topic>BRIGHTNESS</topic><topic>CALIBRATION</topic><topic>CAMERAS</topic><topic>CHEMICAL KINETICS</topic><topic>CHEMILUMINESCENCE</topic><topic>COMBUSTION PRODUCTS</topic><topic>DISTRIBUTION</topic><topic>ENERGETIC PROPERTIES</topic><topic>EXHAUST GASES</topic><topic>GEOPHYSICS</topic><topic>KINETIC ENERGY</topic><topic>OPTICAL PROPERTIES</topic><topic>ORBITS</topic><topic>PE63220C</topic><topic>REGIONS</topic><topic>ROCKET EXHAUST REACTIONS</topic><topic>SEQUENCES</topic><topic>SPACE ENVIRONMENTS</topic><topic>SPACECRAFT</topic><topic>SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION</topic><topic>SPACECRAFT OPTICAL SIGNATURES</topic><topic>SPECTROGRAPHS</topic><topic>STARS</topic><topic>STATIONS</topic><topic>SURFACES</topic><topic>SYMMETRY</topic><topic>THRUSTER ENGINES</topic><topic>TRAJECTORIES</topic><topic>Unmanned Spacecraft</topic><topic>VIDEO PHOTOMETRY</topic><topic>VIDEO SIGNALS</topic><topic>WAKE</topic><topic>WUPL532131AA</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kofsky, I L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rall, D L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sluder, R B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PHOTOMETRICS INC WOBURN MA</creatorcontrib><collection>DTIC Technical Reports</collection><collection>DTIC STINET</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kofsky, I L</au><au>Rall, D L</au><au>Sluder, R B</au><aucorp>PHOTOMETRICS INC WOBURN MA</aucorp><format>book</format><genre>unknown</genre><ristype>RPRT</ristype><btitle>Measurement and Interpretation of Contaminant Radiations in the Spacecraft Environment</btitle><date>1991-06-28</date><risdate>1991</risdate><abstract>Video photographs and spectra of the optical radiations excited by reactions of the energetic exhaust gases from space shuttle's aspect-controlling bipropellant rocket engines with the orbital atmosphere are analyzed. The data were taken with the Air Force Maui Optical Station's cameras and a new imaging spectrograph as these 400 kgf Primary Reaction Control System thrusters operated in ram-wake-perpendicular to the trajectory sequences planned by Geophysics Directorate. Emission originated from a few km parallel and transverse to the symmetry axis of the exhaust; the surface brightness distributions from the firings to windward are well fit by Gaussians; and the total sterances determined by calibration against known stars were in the approximate ration 10 (ram) : 5 (perpendicular) : 1 (wake), showing that the kinetic energy of the combustion products plays a major part in exciting chemiluminescence. Three orders of magnitude less radiation arose from the spacecraft region than from the much larger volume in which the exhaust interacts, from which the hard body appeared physically separated.</abstract><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DTIC Technical Reports |
| subjects | AIR FORCE ATMOSPHERES BRIGHTNESS CALIBRATION CAMERAS CHEMICAL KINETICS CHEMILUMINESCENCE COMBUSTION PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTION ENERGETIC PROPERTIES EXHAUST GASES GEOPHYSICS KINETIC ENERGY OPTICAL PROPERTIES ORBITS PE63220C REGIONS ROCKET EXHAUST REACTIONS SEQUENCES SPACE ENVIRONMENTS SPACECRAFT SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION SPACECRAFT OPTICAL SIGNATURES SPECTROGRAPHS STARS STATIONS SURFACES SYMMETRY THRUSTER ENGINES TRAJECTORIES Unmanned Spacecraft VIDEO PHOTOMETRY VIDEO SIGNALS WAKE WUPL532131AA |
| title | Measurement and Interpretation of Contaminant Radiations in the Spacecraft Environment |
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