On the Variability of Sporadic-E

The analysis of digital ionograms taken in short time intervals show rapid changes of sporadic-E parameters. The lifetime (observation time) of an individual layer can be shorter than 1 minute. Frequently two or more Es-layers are observed in a given ionogram. Angle of arrival measurements show that...

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1. Verfasser:	Paul, Adolf K
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Schlagworte:	ANGLE OF ARRIVAL ANGLES Atmospheric Physics DATA BASES DIGITAL SYSTEMS E REGION HORIZONTAL ORIENTATION IONOGRAMS LAYERS MEASUREMENT OBSERVATION PE61152N REPRINTS SEQUENCES SHORT RANGE(TIME) SKY STABILITY TILT TIME TIME INTERVALS WUDN306212
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creator	Paul, Adolf K
description	The analysis of digital ionograms taken in short time intervals show rapid changes of sporadic-E parameters. The lifetime (observation time) of an individual layer can be shorter than 1 minute. Frequently two or more Es-layers are observed in a given ionogram. Angle of arrival measurements show that the echoes are returned from two or more distinctly different areas in the sky implying a relatively small scale structure in horizontal directions. This conclusion is supported by the fact that almost 25% of the Es-layers found in our data set of more than 4,000 ionograms showed tilt angles of 20 degrees or more. The tilt angles were often highly variable. In many cases where continuity of the top frequency ftEs was observed over relatively long sequences of ionograms, the variation of the tilt angles still indicated some instability of the layer. Reprints. Pub. in Proceedings of URSI, National Radio Science Meeting, Jan 1989.
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Frequently two or more Es-layers are observed in a given ionogram. Angle of arrival measurements show that the echoes are returned from two or more distinctly different areas in the sky implying a relatively small scale structure in horizontal directions. This conclusion is supported by the fact that almost 25% of the Es-layers found in our data set of more than 4,000 ionograms showed tilt angles of 20 degrees or more. The tilt angles were often highly variable. In many cases where continuity of the top frequency ftEs was observed over relatively long sequences of ionograms, the variation of the tilt angles still indicated some instability of the layer. Reprints. Pub. in Proceedings of URSI, National Radio Science Meeting, Jan 1989.</description><language>eng</language><subject>ANGLE OF ARRIVAL ; ANGLES ; Atmospheric Physics ; DATA BASES ; DIGITAL SYSTEMS ; E REGION ; HORIZONTAL ORIENTATION ; IONOGRAMS ; LAYERS ; MEASUREMENT ; OBSERVATION ; PE61152N ; REPRINTS ; SEQUENCES ; SHORT RANGE(TIME) ; SKY ; STABILITY ; TILT ; TIME ; TIME INTERVALS ; WUDN306212</subject><creationdate>1989</creationdate><rights>Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,778,883,27550,27551</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA216660$$EView_record_in_DTIC$$FView_record_in_$$GDTIC$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Paul, Adolf K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA</creatorcontrib><title>On the Variability of Sporadic-E</title><description>The analysis of digital ionograms taken in short time intervals show rapid changes of sporadic-E parameters. The lifetime (observation time) of an individual layer can be shorter than 1 minute. Frequently two or more Es-layers are observed in a given ionogram. Angle of arrival measurements show that the echoes are returned from two or more distinctly different areas in the sky implying a relatively small scale structure in horizontal directions. This conclusion is supported by the fact that almost 25% of the Es-layers found in our data set of more than 4,000 ionograms showed tilt angles of 20 degrees or more. The tilt angles were often highly variable. In many cases where continuity of the top frequency ftEs was observed over relatively long sequences of ionograms, the variation of the tilt angles still indicated some instability of the layer. Reprints. Pub. in Proceedings of URSI, National Radio Science Meeting, Jan 1989.</description><subject>ANGLE OF ARRIVAL</subject><subject>ANGLES</subject><subject>Atmospheric Physics</subject><subject>DATA BASES</subject><subject>DIGITAL SYSTEMS</subject><subject>E REGION</subject><subject>HORIZONTAL ORIENTATION</subject><subject>IONOGRAMS</subject><subject>LAYERS</subject><subject>MEASUREMENT</subject><subject>OBSERVATION</subject><subject>PE61152N</subject><subject>REPRINTS</subject><subject>SEQUENCES</subject><subject>SHORT RANGE(TIME)</subject><subject>SKY</subject><subject>STABILITY</subject><subject>TILT</subject><subject>TIME</subject><subject>TIME INTERVALS</subject><subject>WUDN306212</subject><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>report</rsrctype><creationdate>1989</creationdate><recordtype>report</recordtype><sourceid>1RU</sourceid><recordid>eNrjZFDwz1MoyUhVCEssykxMyszJLKlUyE9TCC7IL0pMyUzWdeVhYE1LzClO5YXS3Awybq4hzh66KSWZyfHFJZl5qSXxji6ORoZmZmYGxgSkAZ6uIac</recordid><startdate>198901</startdate><enddate>198901</enddate><creator>Paul, Adolf K</creator><scope>1RU</scope><scope>BHM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>198901</creationdate><title>On the Variability of Sporadic-E</title><author>Paul, Adolf K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-dtic_stinet_ADA2166603</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>reports</rsrctype><prefilter>reports</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1989</creationdate><topic>ANGLE OF ARRIVAL</topic><topic>ANGLES</topic><topic>Atmospheric Physics</topic><topic>DATA BASES</topic><topic>DIGITAL SYSTEMS</topic><topic>E REGION</topic><topic>HORIZONTAL ORIENTATION</topic><topic>IONOGRAMS</topic><topic>LAYERS</topic><topic>MEASUREMENT</topic><topic>OBSERVATION</topic><topic>PE61152N</topic><topic>REPRINTS</topic><topic>SEQUENCES</topic><topic>SHORT RANGE(TIME)</topic><topic>SKY</topic><topic>STABILITY</topic><topic>TILT</topic><topic>TIME</topic><topic>TIME INTERVALS</topic><topic>WUDN306212</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Paul, Adolf K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA</creatorcontrib><collection>DTIC Technical Reports</collection><collection>DTIC STINET</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Paul, Adolf K</au><aucorp>NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA</aucorp><format>book</format><genre>unknown</genre><ristype>RPRT</ristype><btitle>On the Variability of Sporadic-E</btitle><date>1989-01</date><risdate>1989</risdate><abstract>The analysis of digital ionograms taken in short time intervals show rapid changes of sporadic-E parameters. 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subjects	ANGLE OF ARRIVAL ANGLES Atmospheric Physics DATA BASES DIGITAL SYSTEMS E REGION HORIZONTAL ORIENTATION IONOGRAMS LAYERS MEASUREMENT OBSERVATION PE61152N REPRINTS SEQUENCES SHORT RANGE(TIME) SKY STABILITY TILT TIME TIME INTERVALS WUDN306212
title	On the Variability of Sporadic-E
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