Some Effects of Smoking Withdrawal on Complex Performance and Physiological Responses

The effects of smoking withdrawal on complex (time-shared) performance and physiological responses were studied at a simulated aircraft cabin altitude of 6,500 ft. Seventeen habitual smokers, nine women and eight men 23 to 59 years of age, served as subjects. Time-shared performance of monitoring, t...

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Hauptverfasser: Mertens,Henry W, McKenzie,Jess M, Higgins,E Arnold
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McKenzie,Jess M
Higgins,E Arnold
description The effects of smoking withdrawal on complex (time-shared) performance and physiological responses were studied at a simulated aircraft cabin altitude of 6,500 ft. Seventeen habitual smokers, nine women and eight men 23 to 59 years of age, served as subjects. Time-shared performance of monitoring, tracking, mental arithmetic, and problem solving tasks were measured by the Civil Aeromedical Institute (CAMI) Multiple Task Performance Battery (MTPB) in two 4-h test sessions, one in which smoking was permitted at 1/2-h intervals and a no-smoking session. Corollary physiological measurements involved urinary hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and 17-ketogenic steroids), carboxyhemoglobin levels (COHb), and heart rate (HR). Overall composite scores for MTB performance revealed decrements during withdrawal which were statistically significant (p .05) decrement in tracking and a tendency toward longer reaction times in one monitoring task during withdrawal. These performance decrements were associated with significantly lower HR (p .001) and lower (p .05) ratings of attentiveness during withdrawal from smoking. These findings support a cautious approach to the prohibition of smoking on the flight deck for aircrew members. (Author)
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Seventeen habitual smokers, nine women and eight men 23 to 59 years of age, served as subjects. Time-shared performance of monitoring, tracking, mental arithmetic, and problem solving tasks were measured by the Civil Aeromedical Institute (CAMI) Multiple Task Performance Battery (MTPB) in two 4-h test sessions, one in which smoking was permitted at 1/2-h intervals and a no-smoking session. Corollary physiological measurements involved urinary hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and 17-ketogenic steroids), carboxyhemoglobin levels (COHb), and heart rate (HR). Overall composite scores for MTB performance revealed decrements during withdrawal which were statistically significant (p .05) decrement in tracking and a tendency toward longer reaction times in one monitoring task during withdrawal. These performance decrements were associated with significantly lower HR (p .001) and lower (p .05) ratings of attentiveness during withdrawal from smoking. These findings support a cautious approach to the prohibition of smoking on the flight deck for aircrew members. (Author)</description><language>eng</language><subject>ARITHMETIC ; BIOCHEMISTRY ; CARBON MONOXIDE ; Carboxyhemoglobin ; CARBOXYL RADICALS ; DRUG WITHDRAWAL ; EPINEPHRINE ; EXCRETION ; FEMALES ; FLIGHT CREWS ; FLIGHT SIMULATION ; HEART RATE ; HEMOGLOBIN ; HORMONES ; LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81-PHY- 123 ; LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81/82 ; MALES ; Medicine and Medical Research ; MONITORING ; PERFORMANCE TESTS ; PERFORMANCE(HUMAN) ; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ; PROBLEM SOLVING ; Psychology ; REACTION TIME ; REASONING ; Smoking withdrawal ; Stress Physiology ; TOBACCO PLANTS ; Toxicology ; TRACKING ; URINE</subject><creationdate>1983</creationdate><rights>APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,777,882,27548,27549</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA126551$$EView_record_in_DTIC$$FView_record_in_$$GDTIC$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mertens,Henry W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenzie,Jess M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higgins,E Arnold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE</creatorcontrib><title>Some Effects of Smoking Withdrawal on Complex Performance and Physiological Responses</title><description>The effects of smoking withdrawal on complex (time-shared) performance and physiological responses were studied at a simulated aircraft cabin altitude of 6,500 ft. Seventeen habitual smokers, nine women and eight men 23 to 59 years of age, served as subjects. Time-shared performance of monitoring, tracking, mental arithmetic, and problem solving tasks were measured by the Civil Aeromedical Institute (CAMI) Multiple Task Performance Battery (MTPB) in two 4-h test sessions, one in which smoking was permitted at 1/2-h intervals and a no-smoking session. Corollary physiological measurements involved urinary hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and 17-ketogenic steroids), carboxyhemoglobin levels (COHb), and heart rate (HR). Overall composite scores for MTB performance revealed decrements during withdrawal which were statistically significant (p .05) decrement in tracking and a tendency toward longer reaction times in one monitoring task during withdrawal. These performance decrements were associated with significantly lower HR (p .001) and lower (p .05) ratings of attentiveness during withdrawal from smoking. These findings support a cautious approach to the prohibition of smoking on the flight deck for aircrew members. (Author)</description><subject>ARITHMETIC</subject><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY</subject><subject>CARBON MONOXIDE</subject><subject>Carboxyhemoglobin</subject><subject>CARBOXYL RADICALS</subject><subject>DRUG WITHDRAWAL</subject><subject>EPINEPHRINE</subject><subject>EXCRETION</subject><subject>FEMALES</subject><subject>FLIGHT CREWS</subject><subject>FLIGHT SIMULATION</subject><subject>HEART RATE</subject><subject>HEMOGLOBIN</subject><subject>HORMONES</subject><subject>LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81-PHY- 123</subject><subject>LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81/82</subject><subject>MALES</subject><subject>Medicine and Medical Research</subject><subject>MONITORING</subject><subject>PERFORMANCE TESTS</subject><subject>PERFORMANCE(HUMAN)</subject><subject>PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS</subject><subject>PROBLEM SOLVING</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>REACTION TIME</subject><subject>REASONING</subject><subject>Smoking withdrawal</subject><subject>Stress Physiology</subject><subject>TOBACCO PLANTS</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>TRACKING</subject><subject>URINE</subject><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>report</rsrctype><creationdate>1983</creationdate><recordtype>report</recordtype><sourceid>1RU</sourceid><recordid>eNqFyrEOgjAQgOEuDkZ9A4d7AQc0uBPAOBLROJKmvcLFtkd6TdS318Hd6R--f6luPQeE1jk0WYAd9IEfFEe4U55s0k_tgSPUHGaPL-gwOU5BR4Ogo4Vuegux55HMd7ygzBwFZa0WTnvBza8rtT211_q8s5nMIJki5qFqqmJ_LMvi8Ic_eOQ2Kw</recordid><startdate>198301</startdate><enddate>198301</enddate><creator>Mertens,Henry W</creator><creator>McKenzie,Jess M</creator><creator>Higgins,E Arnold</creator><scope>1RU</scope><scope>BHM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>198301</creationdate><title>Some Effects of Smoking Withdrawal on Complex Performance and Physiological Responses</title><author>Mertens,Henry W ; McKenzie,Jess M ; Higgins,E Arnold</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-dtic_stinet_ADA1265513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>reports</rsrctype><prefilter>reports</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1983</creationdate><topic>ARITHMETIC</topic><topic>BIOCHEMISTRY</topic><topic>CARBON MONOXIDE</topic><topic>Carboxyhemoglobin</topic><topic>CARBOXYL RADICALS</topic><topic>DRUG WITHDRAWAL</topic><topic>EPINEPHRINE</topic><topic>EXCRETION</topic><topic>FEMALES</topic><topic>FLIGHT CREWS</topic><topic>FLIGHT SIMULATION</topic><topic>HEART RATE</topic><topic>HEMOGLOBIN</topic><topic>HORMONES</topic><topic>LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81-PHY- 123</topic><topic>LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81/82</topic><topic>MALES</topic><topic>Medicine and Medical Research</topic><topic>MONITORING</topic><topic>PERFORMANCE TESTS</topic><topic>PERFORMANCE(HUMAN)</topic><topic>PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS</topic><topic>PROBLEM SOLVING</topic><topic>Psychology</topic><topic>REACTION TIME</topic><topic>REASONING</topic><topic>Smoking withdrawal</topic><topic>Stress Physiology</topic><topic>TOBACCO PLANTS</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>TRACKING</topic><topic>URINE</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mertens,Henry W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKenzie,Jess M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Higgins,E Arnold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE</creatorcontrib><collection>DTIC Technical Reports</collection><collection>DTIC STINET</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mertens,Henry W</au><au>McKenzie,Jess M</au><au>Higgins,E Arnold</au><aucorp>FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE</aucorp><format>book</format><genre>unknown</genre><ristype>RPRT</ristype><btitle>Some Effects of Smoking Withdrawal on Complex Performance and Physiological Responses</btitle><date>1983-01</date><risdate>1983</risdate><abstract>The effects of smoking withdrawal on complex (time-shared) performance and physiological responses were studied at a simulated aircraft cabin altitude of 6,500 ft. Seventeen habitual smokers, nine women and eight men 23 to 59 years of age, served as subjects. Time-shared performance of monitoring, tracking, mental arithmetic, and problem solving tasks were measured by the Civil Aeromedical Institute (CAMI) Multiple Task Performance Battery (MTPB) in two 4-h test sessions, one in which smoking was permitted at 1/2-h intervals and a no-smoking session. Corollary physiological measurements involved urinary hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and 17-ketogenic steroids), carboxyhemoglobin levels (COHb), and heart rate (HR). Overall composite scores for MTB performance revealed decrements during withdrawal which were statistically significant (p .05) decrement in tracking and a tendency toward longer reaction times in one monitoring task during withdrawal. These performance decrements were associated with significantly lower HR (p .001) and lower (p .05) ratings of attentiveness during withdrawal from smoking. These findings support a cautious approach to the prohibition of smoking on the flight deck for aircrew members. (Author)</abstract><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source DTIC Technical Reports
subjects ARITHMETIC
BIOCHEMISTRY
CARBON MONOXIDE
Carboxyhemoglobin
CARBOXYL RADICALS
DRUG WITHDRAWAL
EPINEPHRINE
EXCRETION
FEMALES
FLIGHT CREWS
FLIGHT SIMULATION
HEART RATE
HEMOGLOBIN
HORMONES
LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81-PHY- 123
LPN-FAA-AM-A-80/81/82
MALES
Medicine and Medical Research
MONITORING
PERFORMANCE TESTS
PERFORMANCE(HUMAN)
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
PROBLEM SOLVING
Psychology
REACTION TIME
REASONING
Smoking withdrawal
Stress Physiology
TOBACCO PLANTS
Toxicology
TRACKING
URINE
title Some Effects of Smoking Withdrawal on Complex Performance and Physiological Responses
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