An early geikiid dicynodont from the Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone (late Permian) of South Africa
Based on specimens previously identified as , a new taxon of dicynodont ( gen. et sp. nov.) from the Karoo Basin of South Africa is described. is a medium-sized dicynodont (maximum dorsal skull length 16.0 cm) restricted to the Assemblage Zone (early Lopingian) of the Beaufort Group. can be distingu...
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Veröffentlicht in: | PeerJ (San Francisco, CA) CA), 2017-01, Vol.5, p.e2913-e2913, Article e2913 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Based on specimens previously identified as
, a new taxon of dicynodont (
gen. et sp. nov.) from the Karoo Basin of South Africa is described.
is a medium-sized dicynodont (maximum dorsal skull length 16.0 cm) restricted to the
Assemblage Zone (early Lopingian) of the Beaufort Group.
can be distinguished from
by an array of characters including the presence of a tall, sharp premaxillary ridge, large, rugose, nearly-confluent nasal bosses, a nasofrontal ridge, massive tusks, robust pterygoids, prominently twisted subtemporal bar, and absence of a distinct postfrontal. Inclusion of
in a phylogenetic analysis of anomodont therapsids recovers it as a member of Geikiidae, a clade of otherwise later Permian dicynodonts such as
and
.
exhibits many of the characters typical of adult
, but at substantially smaller skull size (these characters are absent in comparably-sized
juveniles), suggesting that the evolution of typical geikiid morphology preceded gigantism in the clade.
is the earliest known geikiid and the only member of the group known from the
Assemblage Zone; discovery of this taxon shortens a perplexing ghost lineage and indicates that abundant clades from the later Permian of South Africa (e.g., Geikiidae, Dicynodontoidea) may have originated as rare components of earlier Karoo assemblage zones. |
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ISSN: | 2167-8359 2167-8359 |
DOI: | 10.7717/peerj.2913 |