Research Progress on the Treatment of Geriatric Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures with Proximal Femur Bionic Nails (PFBNs)

Intertrochanteric femur fracture is the most common hip fracture in elderly people, and the academic community has reached a consensus that early surgery is imperative. Proximal femoral nail anti‐rotation (PFNA) and InterTan are the preferred internal fixation devices for intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly individuals due to their advantages, such as a short lever arm, minimal stress shielding, and resistance to rotation. However, PFNA is associated with complications such as nail back‐out and helical blade cut‐out due to stress concentration. As a new internal fixation device for intertrochanteric femur fractures, the proximal femoral biodegradable nail (PFBN) addresses the issue of nail back‐out and offers more stable fracture fixation, a shorter lever arm, and stress distribution compared to PFNA and InterTan. Clinical studies have shown that compared to PFNA, PFBNs lead to faster recovery of hip joint function, shorter non‐weight‐bearing time, and faster fracture healing. This article provides a literature review of the structural characteristics, biomechanical analysis, and clinical studies of PFBNs, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of internal fixation devices for the treatment of intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly patients and to improve the quality of life of patients during the postoperative period. This article presents a comprehensive narrative review of literature pertinent to proximal femur bionic nails (PFBN), meticulously sourced from PubMed and other prominent databases. The review is structured around three pivotal facets: the structural characteristics of PFBN, its biomechanical dynamics, and clinical research findings. Notably, PFBN exhibits superior mechanical advantages compared to both InterTan and PFNA, an assertion that has been substantiated by clinical experimental data.