Development and Calibration of an Eye-Tracking Fixation Identification Algorithm for Immersive Virtual Reality

Fixation identification is an essential task in the extraction of relevant information from gaze patterns; various algorithms are used in the identification process. However, the thresholds used in the algorithms greatly affect their sensitivity. Moreover, the application of these algorithm to eye-t...

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Veröffentlicht in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-09, Vol.20 (17), p.4956
Hauptverfasser: Llanes-Jurado, Jose, Marín-Morales, Javier, Guixeres, Jaime, Alcañiz, Mariano
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Fixation identification is an essential task in the extraction of relevant information from gaze patterns; various algorithms are used in the identification process. However, the thresholds used in the algorithms greatly affect their sensitivity. Moreover, the application of these algorithm to eye-tracking technologies integrated into head-mounted displays, where the subject's head position is unrestricted, is still an open issue. Therefore, the adaptation of eye-tracking algorithms and their thresholds to immersive virtual reality frameworks needs to be validated. This study presents the development of a dispersion-threshold identification algorithm applied to data obtained from an eye-tracking system integrated into a head-mounted display. Rules-based criteria are proposed to calibrate the thresholds of the algorithm through different features, such as number of fixations and the percentage of points which belong to a fixation. The results show that distance-dispersion thresholds between 1-1.6° and time windows between 0.25-0.4 s are the acceptable range parameters, with 1° and 0.25 s being the optimum. The work presents a calibrated algorithm to be applied in future experiments with eye-tracking integrated into head-mounted displays and guidelines for calibrating fixation identification algorithms.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s20174956