Echocardiographic and Clinical Correlates of Ejection Fraction Among 2000 Patients with Heart Failure in Western Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) affects about 320,000 Saudi individuals and is associated with a considerable negative impact on the patients' quality of life. In literature, there is a lack of data about the echocardiographic abnormalities of HF patients in Saudi Arabia. Aim of Work: To describe the echocardiographic findings of HF patients in Western Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This was a retrospective record review study conducted on 2000 patients with chronic HF in Saudi Arabia. Demographic, clinical and echocardiographic data were collected and compared among patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), ie, EF=40%; HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF), ie, EF=41-49%; and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), ie, EF=50%. Results: Among the 2000 patients studied, females constituted 46.3% of the sample. About 52% of females had HFpEF, whilst 70% of males had HFrEF (p