Environmental Risk Management of Eyvashan Dam Using Traditional-FMEA and FIS-FMEA Methods

The implementation of large dam construction projects, despite the positive economic and social effects on the region, may endanger the development of the region with long-term negative effects. Therefore, it seems necessary to pay attention to this issue to reduce the negative effects of large dam construction projects and to consider them in the evaluation of benefits and costs for policy and codified planning in the water resources sector. In this research, Shannon's entropy-TOPSIS methodology and fuzzy TOPSIS methods have been used to identify and prioritize the environmental risk of Eyvashan dam in the construction and operation phases. Also, in this article, to improve the risk management of earthen dams, a comprehensive review was presented to overcome the disadvantages of traditional FMEA through the improvement of FMEA, with the combination of Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). The results show that in both Shannon's entropy-TOPSIS and fuzzy TOPSIS methods, soil erosion in the construction phase and aquatic in the exploitation phase is the major environmental risks. Evaluation of Risk Priority Number (RPN) in both traditional RPN and FIS-RPN modes shows a significant increase in RPN in fuzzy mode compared to the traditional method in all risk environments. Therefore, the urgency of action evaluation criteria in the FIS-FMEA mode is much more serious than in the traditional FMEA mode and requires more accurate identification and monitoring of risk environments.