Two Distinct Maternal Lineages of Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in a Small Norwegian Subarctic Lake

A subarctic Norwegian watercourse is known for its population of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758) with unusual pelvic spine polymorphism; the upper lake contains a mixture of specimens that are normal-spined, asymmetric-spined, and spineless. In contrast, the downstream...

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Veröffentlicht in:Fishes 2024-07, Vol.9 (7), p.285
Hauptverfasser: Karlsen, Bård Ove, Adhikari, Dhurba, Jørgensen, Tor Erik, Hanssen, Ida Klykken, Moum, Truls Borg, Nordeide, Jarle Tryti, Johansen, Steinar Daae
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:A subarctic Norwegian watercourse is known for its population of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758) with unusual pelvic spine polymorphism; the upper lake contains a mixture of specimens that are normal-spined, asymmetric-spined, and spineless. In contrast, the downstream lakes and the nearby marine site contain only the normal spined morph. We investigated the maternal-line genetic structure in the watercourse using mitogenomics. A total of 242 sticklebacks representing two lakes and a marine site were assessed based on individual and pooled DNA sequencing. While two distinct mitogenome clades were detected in the upper lake (Lake Storvatnet), only one of these clades was present in the downstream lake. The marine site pooled DNA sample, however, contained several mitogenome haplotypes. We present mitogenome sequence features that include gene-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms, molecular phylogeny, and genetic differentiation assessments based on pairwise comparisons of pooled population samples from each site. The Lake Storvatnet mitogenomes belong to two distinct Euro-North American (ENA) clades; one of the ancestral lineages likely corresponds to the original maternal lineage in the watercourse, and the other was introduced more recently. We hypothesize that the second invader carried nuclear genomic features responsible for the observed present-day pelvic spine polymorphism in Lake Storvatnet.
ISSN:2410-3888
2410-3888
DOI:10.3390/fishes9070285