Acute Salpingitis Presenting with Acute Abdomen in a Pre-pubertal Girl

Background: An acute abdomen in children is often a challenging scenario for clinicians as it is caused by various medical and surgical conditions. Although symptomatology and specific clinical findings point directly to few causes, thorough history and in-depth clinical examination help to systematically narrow down the differential diagnosis. Clinical Description: We report a rare case of acute salpingitis in an 8-year-old prepubertal female child presenting with acute abdominal pain and fever for 3 days. Examination revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness with guarding and rigidity along with an ill-defined, tender mass in the right iliac fossa. Management: Abdominal ultrasound showed a hyperechoic mass in the right iliac fossa and the appendix was not visualized. The child was kept nil oral and started on broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, the child developed abdominal distension and worsening of pain over the next 24 h. The child was taken up for emergency laparotomy, and a complex mass in the right iliac fossa adherent to small bowel and covered by omentum was noted. Histopathological examination of the excised right iliac fossa mass showed acutely inflamed right fallopian tube. Normal appendix was noted in the postoperative ultrasonogram. Conclusion: It is important to differentiate surgical causes from nonsurgical ones to avoid unnecessary surgery and its complications. Salpingitis may mimic acute appendicitis because of nonspecific symptomatology and radiological signs and should be considered as a differential diagnosis for acute abdomen, even in a prepubertal female child.