Comparación de la práctica docente en asignaturas teóricas y aplicadas mediante la opinión escrita

In the search for educational quality, teaching practice is a crucial element to be evaluated and since the student is the main recipient, their opinion is relevant for the improvement of the teaching process according to the type of subject taught. Within the existing knowledge there is no consensus on those skills, competencies or values ​​that need to be evaluated, so it is relevant to investigate it from a specific context, limited to the type of subject. The objective of this research is to compare the written opinions of Mexican university students regarding the teaching practice of their professors of theoretical and applied subjects. For this, 536 opinions written by 286 students who evaluated 131 teachers were collected. A nonlinear analysis was performed using networks and graph theory with Gephi software. In the results, the comparison of the graphs indicates that in the theoretical subjects the students highlight methodological aspects such as mastery of knowledge accompanied by the use of didactic strategies and expository clarity, while the students who study applied subjects value the attitude, the approach teacher-student and professional accompaniment. It is concluded that the teaching practice is a construct that must include both professional and personal aspects of the teacher, as well as professional ethics, also that cultural relevance plays an important role, because when the conditions of the subjects are modified, the student opinions. Na busca pela qualidade educacional, a prática docente é um elemento crucial a ser avaliado e sendo o aluno o principal destinatário, sua opinião é relevante para a melhoria do processo de ensino de acordo com o tipo de disciplina ministrada. Dentro do conhecimento existente não há consenso sobre aquelas habilidades, competências ou valores que precisam ser avaliados, por isso é relevante investigá-lo a partir de um contexto específico, limitado ao tipo de assunto. O objetivo desta pesquisa é comparar as opiniões escritas de estudantes universitários mexicanos sobre a prática docente de seus professores de disciplinas teóricas e aplicadas. Para isso, foram coletadas 536 opiniões escritas por 286 alunos que avaliaram 131 professores. Uma análise não linear foi realizada usando redes e teoria de grafos com o software Gephi. Nos resultados, a comparação dos gráficos indica que nas disciplinas teóricas os alunos destacam aspectos metodológicos como domínio do conhecimento acompanhado do uso de estratégia