Caracterización de la prevalencia y mortalidad por hipertensión arterial en Cuba, decenio 2009- 2018

Introduction: High blood pressure was the main factor associated with premature mortality, causing almost 10 million deaths and more than 200 million disability-adjusted life years in the world, also being the factor that causes the majority of deaths due to cardiovascular causes. It is a silent disease that rarely causes symptoms in early stages of the disease. It is usually not diagnosed promptly.Objective: To characterize the prevalence and mortality due to arterial hypertension in Cuba in the decade 2009-2018.Material and methods: An ecological study was carried out on arterial hypertension in Cuba. Dispensarization, gross mortality rates due to diseases of the circulatory system, heart diseases and hypertensive diseases were taken into account in the decade 2009-2018. The source of information was made up by the statistical yearbooks corresponding to those years published by the National Directorate of Statistics of the Ministry of Public Health. Results: The total prevalence of arterial hypertension in Cuba presented a slight increase in the decade. It was more frequent in the female sex. Mortality rates from hypertensive diseases exhibited an increasing trend.Conclusions: The prevalence rates of arterial hypertension reported in Cuba in the first level of health care were in the intermediate range between the world figures and the region of the Americas. In the decade, its general prevalence showed a slight increase, while mortality from hypertensive diseases almost doubled, which suggests the need to optimize the active screening for arterial hypertension. Introducción: la presión arterial elevada, fue el principal factor asociado con mortalidad prematura, tras causar casi 10 millones de muertes y más de 200 millones de años de vida ajustados por discapacidad en el mundo y el que más muertes, de causa cardiovascular, origina. Es una enfermedad silenciosa, raramente causa síntomas en las primeras etapas, por lo general, no se diagnostica oportunamente.Objetivo: caracterizar la prevalencia y mortalidad por hipertensión arterial en Cuba, en el decenio 2009- 2018.Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio ecológico, sobre la hipertensión arterial en Cuba. Se tuvieron en cuenta, la dispensarización, las tasas de mortalidad brutas por las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio, del corazón y las hipertensivas en el decenio 2009- 2018. Los anuarios estadísticos publicados por la Dirección Nacional de Estadísticas, del Ministerio de Salud Pública de esos añ