Vinagre triple 12,5%: herbicida natural en siembra directa de maíz (Zea mays) orgánico

Direct sowing appears as promising in the production of organic corn, the use of cover plants is common. This creates the need to look for alternative substances as natural desiccants. One alternative option is vinegar, which acts as a contact herbicide, destroying the cell membrane, causing drying of the tissues. The objective of this work was to assess the desiccant effect of vinegar (acetic acid) in several doses and its incidence in the agronomic behavior of corn, as well as the richness and abundance of weeds present in the direct sowing system. Black oats (Avena strigosa) were used as a cover crop. Eight treatments were studied: 1) 1120 L.ha-1; 2) 560 L.ha-1 + 560 L.ha-1 24 hours later; 3) 840 L.ha-1; 4) 560 L.ha-1 + 280 L.ha-1 24 hours later; 5) 560 L.ha-1 triple vinegar with 12.5% acetic acid; 6) glyphosate 0.72 L.ha-1; 7) cutting of the oat-black with scraper and 8) oats-black without drying (control). The treatments were applied 30 days after sowing the oats and a week later the corn was planted. The results indicate that the dose of 1120 L.ha-1 of vinegar was the most efficient as a desiccant of the black oats used as a cover crop in the direct sowing system, with 99%, being an alternative as a herbicide in the pro- duction of organic corn. In addition, the vinegar did not affect the emergence rate index of the corn seed, nor the height and diameter of the plant, it didn’t did it show either greater differences in the mass of dry matter of the root nor aerial part of the corn. La siembra directa se presenta como promisor en la producción de maíz orgánico, siendo común el uso de plantas de cobertura. Esto crea la necesidad de buscar sustancias alternativas como desecantes naturales. Una opción es el vinagre, que actúa como herbicida de contacto, destruyendo la membrana celular, provocando un desecamiento de los tejidos. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo valorar el efecto desecante del vinagre (ácido acético) en varias dosis y su incidencia en el comportamiento agronómico del maíz, así como lariqueza y abundancia de malezas presentes en sistema de siembra directa. Se utilizó a la avena negra (Avena strigosa) como cultivo de cobertura. Fueron estudiados ocho tratamientos: 1) 1120 L.ha-1; 2) 560 L.ha-1 + 560 L.ha-1 24 horas después; 3) 840 L.ha-1; 4) 560 L.ha-1 + 280 L.ha-1 24 horas después; 5) 560 L.ha-1 de vinagre triple con 12,5% de ácido acético; 6) glifosato 0,72 L.ha-1; 7) corte de la avena- negra con rozadora y 8) avena-negra sin desecación (co