(A) RNA samples harvested from uninfected (mock), EMCV-, VSV-, or influenza virus (flu)–infected cells were transfected into WT, , and MEFs

The production of IFN-β in the culture supernatant 10 h after transfection was measured by ELISA. (B) RNA harvested from noninfected (mock) or EMCV-, VSV-, or influenza virus–infected cells with CIAP-, RNase III-, both CIAP-, and RNase III-treatments or nontreatment (enzyme-) was transfected into WT MEFs. The production of IFN-β in the supernatant 10 h after transfection was measured by ELISA. (C) dsRNA in uninfected (mock), EMCV-, VSV-, or influenza virus-infected cells was measured by ELISA. (D) Immunostaining for dsRNA in MEFs infected with EMCV, VSV, and influenza virus for 8 h. Red, dsRNA; blue, nucleus. Error bars show SDs between triplicates. (E) RNA harvested from noninfected (mock) or VSV-infected cells (indicated periods) was electrophoresed in 1.5% agarose gel, transferred to a nylon membrane, and blotted by anti-dsRNA antibody. Reovirus genome RNAs were indicated as the size control. The arrow shows VSV dsRNA. (F) dsRNA blotting of RNA harvested from EMCV- or VSV-infected cells. RNAs were electrophoresed in nondenaturing 10% polyacrylamide gel. Reovirus genome RNAs were indicated (left). Arrows (right) show EMCV and VSV dsRNA.Copyright information:Taken from "Length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid–inducible gene-I and melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5"The Journal of Experimental Medicine 2008;205(7):1601-1610.Published online 7 Jul 2008PMCID:PMC2442638.