Exogenous foods that activate the NRF2 protein: Systematic review

Background: The activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway, whether through natural compounds, diet, or supplements, plays a crucial role in protecting against oxidative stress and promoting health in various aspects. The objective of this research was to identify studies on exogenous foods that activate the NRF2 protein in the scientific literature. Method: A comprehensive literature review was conducted with the aim of identifying manuscripts related to the activation of NRF2 with exogenous foods and their benefits within the human body. This search was carried out through a systematic review of articles in three languages: English and Spanish, using the MEDLINE, MUBMEB, SCIELO, and SCOPUS repositories. Inclusion criteria focused on foods that activate NRF2 and potential benefits, while exclusion criteria encompassed articles that did not discuss activation, unrelated topics, research in languages other than those specified, and those that did not specifically address the study's objective. The search and article filters were implemented during the period from January to February 2023. To minimize biases, filters were applied in multiple stages, beginning with title search and selection, followed by abstract review, and finally, reading the remaining articles to analyze the information relevant to the research. Results: A total of 26 articles were analyzed, which discussed the adaptive mechanism of NRF2 and its role in hormone dose response, the effects of certain foods, health benefits associated with NRF2 activation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, altered NRF2 association with aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusion: The studies support the notion that NRF2 activation plays a fundamental role in promoting health in various spheres, underscoring the relevance of factors such as diet, natural components, and antioxidant supplementation in defending against oxidative stress and its implications for overall well-being. For future research on this topic, it is important to analyze how the population stands regarding the consumption of exogenous foods that activate NRF2, to understand both the consumption, quantity, and frequency of certain foods and whether they are doing so correctly.