Cold Solar Flares I. Microwave Domain Appendix

We present the appendix of the statistical analysis of ~100 solar flares with prominent electron acceleration, ``cold'' flares, in the microwave range. These cold flares are characterized by a weak thermal response relative to nonthermal emission. This work is a follow up of a previous sta...

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Hauptverfasser: Lysenko, Alexandra L., White, Stephen M., Zhdanov, Dmitry A., Meshalkina, Nataliia S., Altyntsev, Aleksander T., Motorina, Galina G., Fleishman, Gregory D.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:We present the appendix of the statistical analysis of ~100 solar flares with prominent electron acceleration, ``cold'' flares, in the microwave range. These cold flares are characterized by a weak thermal response relative to nonthermal emission. This work is a follow up of a previous statistical study of cold flares, which focused on hard X-ray emission to quantify the flare nonthermal component. Here we focus on the microwave emission. Thermal response is evaluated by soft X-ray emission observed by GOES X-ray sensors. We obtain spectral parameters of the flare gyrosynchrotron emission and reveal patterns of their temporal evolution. Main results of the previous statistical study are confirmed: as compared to a ``mean'' flare, the cold flares have shorter durations, higher spectral peak frequencies, and harder spectral indices after the spectral peak. Though, there are cold flares with moderate and low peak frequencies. In a majority of cold flares, we find evidence in favor of Razin effect in the microwave spectra indicative of rather dense flaring loops. We discuss obtained results in the context of electron acceleration efficiency. Appendix contains figures and tables with temporal and spectral characteristics of all cold flares analyzed in this work. Figures present microwave dynamic spectra, time profiles in soft X-ray range and temporal evolution of gyrosynchrotron spectral parameters. Tables contain quantifications of the flare microwave and soft X-ray emission, the beginning and the end of the flare impulsive phase, flare helioprojective coordinates, obtained patterns of parameter temporal evolution.
DOI:10.5281/zenodo.7775771