MODALITIES OF TREATMENT OF CROHN'S DISEASE

Background: A chronic bowel disorder, Crohn's disease (CD) is indicated by a dysfunctional immune response driven by genetic and environmental variables. The disorder significantly influences adults who are 20 to 40 years old, especially in those of Jewish lineage, whereas fewer cases are observed in African-descendant communities. Signs of the condition may involve experiencing stomach discomfort, persistent loose stools, unintentional weight reduction, and other symptoms impacting the skin, joints, and various organs. Genetic factors, notably mutations in the NOD2 gene, and dysregulated TH1 immune responses play pivotal roles in sustaining mucosal inflammation. Diagnosis necessitates thorough evaluations, comprising clinical assessments, endoscopy, advanced imaging modalities like MRI, and laboratory analyses. Instruments such as the CDEIS and SES-CD indices assess disease severity and track treatment efficacy. Management methods concentrate on symptom relief, the upkeep of remission, and bespoke treatments that utilize corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or biologics such as infliximab. Complications encompass intestinal obstructions, fistulas, and vascular inflammation. Epidemiological investigations indicate rising incidence rates, especially in urban settings, alongside significant diagnostic delays for some patients, emphasizing the imperative for enhanced awareness and early identification. Managing Crohn's disease involves a comprehensive strategy combining diagnostic and treatment methods for effective results. Objective: an overview of the Epidemiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Progression of (CD). Methods: a comprehensive review of Modalities of treatment of Crohn’s disease. The PUBMED and Google Scholar search engines were the main databases used for the search process, with articles collected from 1990 to 2024. Conclusion: Crohn's disease (CD) represents a complex inflammatory bowel condition that requires a thorough management strategy incorporating medical, psychological, nutritional, and educational elements. Treatment aims to achieve remission, avert complications, and enhance patient quality of life. Medical interventions, such as corticosteroids and biologics, focus on inflammation reduction and relapse prevention, while surgery is utilized for complications like obstructions. The realm of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) presents holistic solutions, featuring herbal solutions and mind-body practices that bolster stand