DYSLIPIDEMIA CONSEQUENCES AND MANAGEMENT

Background: The pathophysiology of dyslipidemia involves genetic predispositions, dietary factors, insulin resistance, hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation, hormonal influences, and medications. Genetic variations affecting lipid metabolism and lifestyle factors, such as an unhealthy diet and insulin resistance, contribute to the accumulation of atherogenic biomolecules and the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, hormonal imbalances, as seen in thyroid disorders and hormonal medications, can disrupt lipid homeostasis. Objective: This review will review the most recent medical literature on the consequences and management of dyslipidemia. Methodology: Comprehensive research on the consequences and management of dyslipidemia. PUBMED and Google Scholar search engines were the databases used for the search process, and articles were collected from 1980 to 2023. Conclusion: dyslipidemia, characterized by abnormal lipid levels in the blood, poses a significant risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other health complications. The interplay of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors contributes to disruptions in lipid metabolism, leading to elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. This dysregulation is associated with severe consequences, including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, pancreatitis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. understanding the complex interplay of factors contributing to dyslipidemia is essential for effectively managing and preventing associated health risks. A comprehensive approach that addresses lifestyle factors and utilizes appropriate pharmacotherapy can significantly reduce the burden of dyslipidemia-related complications, promoting cardiovascular health and overall well-being. Keywords: dyslipidemia, etiology, pathophysiology, consequences, and management