Outputs of the WiMMed hydrological model for Sierra Nevada (Spain). Sept2015-Aug2022

Ecosystem  Services related to flood prevention, aquifer recharge and erosion prevention in SIERRA NEVADA (Spain) were quantified through the WiMMed hydrological model (Watershed Integrated Model in Mediterranean Environments; Herrero et al., 2014). WiMMed is a distributed and physically based model...

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Hauptverfasser: Herrero, Javier, Millares Valenzuela, Agustín, Moreno Llorca, Ricardo
Format: Dataset
Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Ecosystem  Services related to flood prevention, aquifer recharge and erosion prevention in SIERRA NEVADA (Spain) were quantified through the WiMMed hydrological model (Watershed Integrated Model in Mediterranean Environments; Herrero et al., 2014). WiMMed is a distributed and physically based model that combines hourly and daily meteorological data with soil hydro-physical properties and land use and land cover information to simulate water balance and flow circulation at basin scale (see Herrero et al. (2014) for details).  In this study we applied the WiMMed model considering the land use and land cover data for 2020 (according to SIPNA) and the meteorological data from Sept2015 to Aug2022 to evaluate the value of ecosystem services, following the work made by Moreno-Llorca et al. (2020). Specific parameters, expressing the influence of vegetation changes in the hydrological processes of the study area, were considered, namely on evapotranspiration, interception, infiltration, overland flow and soil erodibility. Aquifer recharge (mm/m2/year) was calculated as the total volume of water moving from the soil into the aquifer and becoming groundwater. For that, the model firstly interpolates the precipitation at the cell scale (Herrero et al., 2009), and then calculates rainfall/snowfall partition, reproduces the interception from the vegetation, calculates the snow accumulation and melting (Herrero et al., 2009), and separates surface runoff from infiltration on the ground surface. Vertical and horizontal soil water movement was reproduced by a two-layer soil approach, using Darcy-Buckingham law with Mualem-vanGenuchten parameterization (Muñoz Carpena and Ritter Rodriguez, 2005). Evapotranspiration extract water from soil using a parameterization based on potential evapotranspiration and soil water content (Herrero et al., 2014). Water percolating through the second layer of soil becomes aquifer recharge. Soil erosion prevention (T/ha/year) was calculated by considering the inverse of soil loss by water flow concentration (rill processes) and raindrop impacts (interrill processes). WiMMed uses the variation of different parameters that link soil loss, with changes in vegetation cover and land uses, as described in (Millares et al., 2019). Changes on soil erodibility were estimated from vertical distribution of root biomass, by adapting empirical models (e.g. Gale and Grigal, 1987; Jackson et al., 1996) to Mediterranean environments reported previously (Mar
DOI:10.5281/zenodo.10054664