(variable) Frequency-based Layer Identification Procedure (FLIP and vFLIP) for spectrolaminar analysis

The mammalian cerebral cortex is anatomically organized into a six-layer motif. In this dataset and associated paper (Mendoza-Halliday et al., 2023) we show that a corresponding laminar motif of neuronal activity patterns exists across the cortex in the power of local field potentials (LFP). Using laminar probes, we recorded LFPs in five macaque monkeys in 14 cortical areas across the cortical hierarchy. The laminar locations of recordings were histologically identified via electrolytic lesions. Across all areas, we found a ubiquitous spectrolaminar pattern characterized by an increasing deep-to-superficial layer gradient of high-frequency power peaking in layers 2/3 and an increasing superficial-to-deep gradient of alpha-beta power peaking in layers 5/6. Our results suggest the existence of a canonical layer- and frequency-based mechanism for cortical computation. To facilitate the detection of these spectrolaminar patterns, we are releasing data associated with "Study 1" and "Study 2" as reported in Mendoza-Halliday et al., 2023. This comprises relative power of LFPs recorded in 4 macaque monkeys from areas V4, 7A, MT, MST, LIP, and LPFC. The FLIP and vFLIP algorithms were created to facilitate electrophysiological characterization of cortical layers based on power analysis of the local field potential recordings (LFP) that are provided in these datasets. The algorithms can also be used to perform the same analysis on any other multi-channel LFP dataset. We have verified that the spectrolaminar pattern is highly preserved in macaque monkeys, marmosets, and humans, but is more dissimilar in mouse.