LSB matching steganalysis based on patterns of pixel differences and random embedding
This paper presents a novel method for detection of LSB matching steganography in grayscale images. This method is based on the analysis of the differences between neighboring pixels before and after random data embedding. In natural images, there is a strong correlation between adjacent pixels. Thi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Computers & security 2013-02, Vol.32, p.192-206 |
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| creator | Lerch Hostalot, Daniel Megías Jiménez, David |
| description | This paper presents a novel method for detection of LSB matching steganography in grayscale images. This method is based on the analysis of the differences between neighboring pixels before and after random data embedding. In natural images, there is a strong correlation between adjacent pixels. This correlation is disturbed by LSB matching generating new types of correlations. The presented method generates patterns from these correlations and analyzes their variation when random data are hidden. The experiments performed for two different image databases show that the method yields better classification accuracy compared to prior art for both LSB matching and HUGO steganography. In addition, although the method is designed for the spatial domain, some experiments show its applicability also for detecting JPEG steganography. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.cose.2012.11.005 |
| format | Article |
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This method is based on the analysis of the differences between neighboring pixels before and after random data embedding. In natural images, there is a strong correlation between adjacent pixels. This correlation is disturbed by LSB matching generating new types of correlations. The presented method generates patterns from these correlations and analyzes their variation when random data are hidden. The experiments performed for two different image databases show that the method yields better classification accuracy compared to prior art for both LSB matching and HUGO steganography. 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Data bases ; LSB coincident ; LSB coincidente ; LSB matching ; Matching ; Memory and file management (including protection and security) ; Memory organisation. Data processing ; màquines de vectors suport ; máquinas de vectores soporte ; Pattern recognition. Digital image processing. Computational geometry ; Pixels ; seguretat de les comunicacions ; Seguretat informàtica ; seguridad de las comunicaciones ; Seguridad informática ; Software ; Steganalysis ; Steganography ; Studies ; Support vector machines</subject><ispartof>Computers & security, 2013-02, Vol.32, p.192-206</ispartof><rights>2012 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Sequoia S.A. 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This method is based on the analysis of the differences between neighboring pixels before and after random data embedding. In natural images, there is a strong correlation between adjacent pixels. This correlation is disturbed by LSB matching generating new types of correlations. The presented method generates patterns from these correlations and analyzes their variation when random data are hidden. The experiments performed for two different image databases show that the method yields better classification accuracy compared to prior art for both LSB matching and HUGO steganography. In addition, although the method is designed for the spatial domain, some experiments show its applicability also for detecting JPEG steganography.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Artificial intelligence</subject><subject>Classification</subject><subject>Communication security</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Computer information security</subject><subject>Computer science; control theory; systems</subject><subject>Computer security</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Data encryption</subject><subject>Data processing. List processing. Character string processing</subject><subject>Digital imaging</subject><subject>esteganografia</subject><subject>esteganografía</subject><subject>estegoanàlisi</subject><subject>estegoanálisis</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Image compression</subject><subject>Information systems. Data bases</subject><subject>LSB coincident</subject><subject>LSB coincidente</subject><subject>LSB matching</subject><subject>Matching</subject><subject>Memory and file management (including protection and security)</subject><subject>Memory organisation. Data processing</subject><subject>màquines de vectors suport</subject><subject>máquinas de vectores soporte</subject><subject>Pattern recognition. Digital image processing. Computational geometry</subject><subject>Pixels</subject><subject>seguretat de les comunicacions</subject><subject>Seguretat informàtica</subject><subject>seguridad de las comunicaciones</subject><subject>Seguridad informática</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Steganalysis</subject><subject>Steganography</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Support vector machines</subject><issn>0167-4048</issn><issn>1872-6208</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>XX2</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU-L1TAUxYMo-Bz9Aq4CIrhpJzdNmxTc6OCfgQcudNYhTW7HPNrmmdsnzrc35T0UXLhILoHfOUnOYewliBoEdNeH2ifCWgqQNUAtRPuI7cBoWXVSmMdsVyBdKaHMU_aM6CAE6M6YHbvbf33PZ7f673G557TivVvc9ECR-OAIA08LP7p1xbwQTyM_xl848RDHETMuHom7JfBctjRznAcMoRg9Z09GNxG-uMwrdvfxw7ebz9X-y6fbm3f7yiut16of-wDoVOc1yrZphhDADAjD4GWvejk0ZWDbtCqAksKHJvRhHF1nZCtbdM0Vg7Ovp5O3GT1m71abXPx72JYUWlqpukbqonlz1hxz-nFCWu0cyeM0uQXTiWwJCrbQtCzoq3_QQzrlkk-hpGmMMtD3hZKXR-RElHG0xxxnlx8sCLu1Yw92a8du7VgAW9opotcXa0feTWNJ0Ef6o5Ra9J3qoXBvzxyWGH9GzJZ83IIPsfxwtSHF_13zG74xpLA</recordid><startdate>20130201</startdate><enddate>20130201</enddate><creator>Lerch Hostalot, Daniel</creator><creator>Megías Jiménez, David</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier Sequoia S.A</general><general>Computers & Security</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>XX2</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130201</creationdate><title>LSB matching steganalysis based on patterns of pixel differences and random embedding</title><author>Lerch Hostalot, Daniel ; Megías Jiménez, David</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-9f9d1ea46c7e2533bdd18be1bbc29492b3294e5354d1420cd3d9dffa682525ea3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Artificial intelligence</topic><topic>Classification</topic><topic>Communication security</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Computer information security</topic><topic>Computer science; control theory; systems</topic><topic>Computer security</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Data encryption</topic><topic>Data processing. 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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; Recercat |
| subjects | Applied sciences Artificial intelligence Classification Communication security Comparative analysis Computer information security Computer science control theory systems Computer security Correlation Data encryption Data processing. List processing. Character string processing Digital imaging esteganografia esteganografía estegoanàlisi estegoanálisis Exact sciences and technology Image compression Information systems. Data bases LSB coincident LSB coincidente LSB matching Matching Memory and file management (including protection and security) Memory organisation. Data processing màquines de vectors suport máquinas de vectores soporte Pattern recognition. Digital image processing. Computational geometry Pixels seguretat de les comunicacions Seguretat informàtica seguridad de las comunicaciones Seguridad informática Software Steganalysis Steganography Studies Support vector machines |
| title | LSB matching steganalysis based on patterns of pixel differences and random embedding |
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