The Core Population and Kinematics of a Massive Clump at Early Stages: An Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array View

High-mass star formation theories make distinct predictions on the properties of the prestellar seeds of high-mass stars. Observations of the early stages of high-mass star formation can provide crucial constraints, but they are challenging and scarce. We investigate the properties of the prestellar...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Astrophysical journal 2022-09, Vol.936 (2), p.169
Hauptverfasser: Redaelli, Elena, Bovino, Stefano, Sanhueza, Patricio, Morii, Kaho, Sabatini, Giovanni, Caselli, Paola, Giannetti, Andrea, Li, Shanghuo
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container_issue 2
container_start_page 169
container_title The Astrophysical journal
container_volume 936
creator Redaelli, Elena
Bovino, Stefano
Sanhueza, Patricio
Morii, Kaho
Sabatini, Giovanni
Caselli, Paola
Giannetti, Andrea
Li, Shanghuo
description High-mass star formation theories make distinct predictions on the properties of the prestellar seeds of high-mass stars. Observations of the early stages of high-mass star formation can provide crucial constraints, but they are challenging and scarce. We investigate the properties of the prestellar core population embedded in the high-mass clump AGAL014.492-00.139, and we study the kinematics at the clump and clump-to-core scales. We have analyzed an extensive data set acquired with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array interferometer. Applying a dendrogram analysis to the Band 7 o‐H 2 D + data, we identified 22 cores. We fitted their average spectra in local thermodinamic equilibrium conditions, and we analyzed their continuum emission at 0.8 mm. The cores have transonic to mildly supersonic turbulence levels and appear to be mostly low-mass, with M core < 30 M ⊙ . Furthermore, we have analyzed Band 3 observations of the N 2 H + (1–0) transition, which traces the large-scale gas kinematics. Using a friend-of-friend algorithm, we identify four main velocity coherent structures, all of which are associated with prestellar and protostellar cores. One of them presents a filament-like structure, and our observations could be consistent with mass accretion toward one of the protostars. In this case, we estimate a mass accretion rate of M ̇ acc ≈ 2 × 10 − 4 M ⊙ yr − 1 . Our results support a clump-fed accretion scenario in the target source. The cores in the prestellar stage are essentially low-mass, and they appear to be subvirial and gravitationally bound, unless further support is available, for instance, due to magnetic fields.
doi_str_mv 10.3847/1538-4357/ac85b4
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subjects Algorithms
Arrays
Astrochemistry
Astrophysics
Continuum radiation
Cores
Data acquisition
Deposition
Emission analysis
Equilibrium conditions
Interferometry
Interstellar line emission
Kinematics
Magnetic fields
Massive stars
Protostars
Radio telescopes
Star & galaxy formation
Star formation
Star forming regions
title The Core Population and Kinematics of a Massive Clump at Early Stages: An Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array View
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