Theragnostic Glycol Chitosan-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Photoacoustic Imaging of Regional Lymph Nodes and Delivering Tumor Antigen to Lymph Nodes
Lymph node mapping is important in cancer immunotherapy because the morphology of lymph nodes is one of the crucial evaluation criteria of immune responses. We developed new theragnostic glycol-chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (GC-AuNPs), which highlighted lymph nodes in ultrasound-guided photoaco...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-06, Vol.11 (7), p.1700 |
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creator | Sun, In-Cheol Jo, SeongHoon Dumani, Diego Yun, Wan Su Yoon, Hong Yeol Lim, Dong-Kwon Ahn, Cheol-Hee Emelianov, Stanislav Kim, Kwangmeyung |
description | Lymph node mapping is important in cancer immunotherapy because the morphology of lymph nodes is one of the crucial evaluation criteria of immune responses. We developed new theragnostic glycol-chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (GC-AuNPs), which highlighted lymph nodes in ultrasound-guided photoacoustic (US/PA) imaging. Moreover, the ovalbumin epitope was conjugated GC-AuNPs (OVA-GC-AuNPs) for delivering tumor antigen to lymph node resident macrophage. In vitro studies proved the vigorous endocytosis activity of J774A.1 macrophage and consequent strong photoacoustic signals from them. The macrophages also presented a tumor antigen when OVA-GC-AuNPs were used for cellular uptake. After the lingual injection of GC-AuNPs into healthy mice, cervical lymph nodes were visible in a US/PA imaging system with high contrast. Three-dimensional analysis of lymph nodes revealed that the accumulation of GC-AuNPs in the lymph node increased as the post-injection time passed. Histological analysis showed GC-AuNPs or OVA-GC-AuNPs located in subcapsular and medullar sinuses where macrophages are abundant. Our new theragnostic GC-AuNPs present a superior performance in US/PA imaging of lymph nodes without targeting moieties or complex surface modification. Simultaneously, GC-AuNPs were able to deliver tumor antigens to cause macrophages to present the OVA epitope at targeted lymph nodes, which would be valuable for cancer immunotherapy. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nano11071700 |
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We developed new theragnostic glycol-chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (GC-AuNPs), which highlighted lymph nodes in ultrasound-guided photoacoustic (US/PA) imaging. Moreover, the ovalbumin epitope was conjugated GC-AuNPs (OVA-GC-AuNPs) for delivering tumor antigen to lymph node resident macrophage. In vitro studies proved the vigorous endocytosis activity of J774A.1 macrophage and consequent strong photoacoustic signals from them. The macrophages also presented a tumor antigen when OVA-GC-AuNPs were used for cellular uptake. After the lingual injection of GC-AuNPs into healthy mice, cervical lymph nodes were visible in a US/PA imaging system with high contrast. Three-dimensional analysis of lymph nodes revealed that the accumulation of GC-AuNPs in the lymph node increased as the post-injection time passed. Histological analysis showed GC-AuNPs or OVA-GC-AuNPs located in subcapsular and medullar sinuses where macrophages are abundant. Our new theragnostic GC-AuNPs present a superior performance in US/PA imaging of lymph nodes without targeting moieties or complex surface modification. Simultaneously, GC-AuNPs were able to deliver tumor antigens to cause macrophages to present the OVA epitope at targeted lymph nodes, which would be valuable for cancer immunotherapy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2079-4991</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2079-4991</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nano11071700</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34203541</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Antigen (tumor-associated) ; Antigens ; Biopsy ; Cancer ; Cancer immunotherapy ; Chitosan ; Contrast agents ; Cytotoxicity ; Dimensional analysis ; Efficiency ; Endocytosis ; glycol chitosan ; Gold ; Imaging ; Immune response ; Immunotherapy ; Injection ; lymph node ; Lymph nodes ; Lymphatic system ; Macrophages ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Mathematical analysis ; Medical research ; Morphology ; Nanoparticles ; Ovalbumin ; Peptides ; photoacoustic imaging ; Sinuses ; theragnostic gold nanoparticle ; Three dimensional analysis ; tumor antigen delivery ; Tumors ; Ultrasonic imaging</subject><ispartof>Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021-06, Vol.11 (7), p.1700</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-8c5a27fb87a87fbf156133ba804449a3a1fcbc4dc21ac2234982bbbfaa72b9803</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-8c5a27fb87a87fbf156133ba804449a3a1fcbc4dc21ac2234982bbbfaa72b9803</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7919-188X ; 0000-0003-3242-3633 ; 0000-0003-1195-0872 ; 0000-0002-0086-4250</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8307152/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8307152/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sun, In-Cheol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jo, SeongHoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dumani, Diego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yun, Wan Su</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoon, Hong Yeol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Dong-Kwon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahn, Cheol-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Emelianov, Stanislav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Kwangmeyung</creatorcontrib><title>Theragnostic Glycol Chitosan-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Photoacoustic Imaging of Regional Lymph Nodes and Delivering Tumor Antigen to Lymph Nodes</title><title>Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)</title><description>Lymph node mapping is important in cancer immunotherapy because the morphology of lymph nodes is one of the crucial evaluation criteria of immune responses. We developed new theragnostic glycol-chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (GC-AuNPs), which highlighted lymph nodes in ultrasound-guided photoacoustic (US/PA) imaging. Moreover, the ovalbumin epitope was conjugated GC-AuNPs (OVA-GC-AuNPs) for delivering tumor antigen to lymph node resident macrophage. In vitro studies proved the vigorous endocytosis activity of J774A.1 macrophage and consequent strong photoacoustic signals from them. The macrophages also presented a tumor antigen when OVA-GC-AuNPs were used for cellular uptake. After the lingual injection of GC-AuNPs into healthy mice, cervical lymph nodes were visible in a US/PA imaging system with high contrast. Three-dimensional analysis of lymph nodes revealed that the accumulation of GC-AuNPs in the lymph node increased as the post-injection time passed. Histological analysis showed GC-AuNPs or OVA-GC-AuNPs located in subcapsular and medullar sinuses where macrophages are abundant. Our new theragnostic GC-AuNPs present a superior performance in US/PA imaging of lymph nodes without targeting moieties or complex surface modification. Simultaneously, GC-AuNPs were able to deliver tumor antigens to cause macrophages to present the OVA epitope at targeted lymph nodes, which would be valuable for cancer immunotherapy.</description><subject>Antigen (tumor-associated)</subject><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Biopsy</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer immunotherapy</subject><subject>Chitosan</subject><subject>Contrast agents</subject><subject>Cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Dimensional analysis</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Endocytosis</subject><subject>glycol chitosan</subject><subject>Gold</subject><subject>Imaging</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immunotherapy</subject><subject>Injection</subject><subject>lymph node</subject><subject>Lymph nodes</subject><subject>Lymphatic system</subject><subject>Macrophages</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Ovalbumin</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>photoacoustic imaging</subject><subject>Sinuses</subject><subject>theragnostic gold nanoparticle</subject><subject>Three dimensional analysis</subject><subject>tumor antigen delivery</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Ultrasonic 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Glycol Chitosan-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Photoacoustic Imaging of Regional Lymph Nodes and Delivering Tumor Antigen to Lymph Nodes</title><author>Sun, In-Cheol ; Jo, SeongHoon ; Dumani, Diego ; Yun, Wan Su ; Yoon, Hong Yeol ; Lim, Dong-Kwon ; Ahn, Cheol-Hee ; Emelianov, Stanislav ; Kim, Kwangmeyung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-8c5a27fb87a87fbf156133ba804449a3a1fcbc4dc21ac2234982bbbfaa72b9803</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Antigen (tumor-associated)</topic><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Biopsy</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cancer immunotherapy</topic><topic>Chitosan</topic><topic>Contrast agents</topic><topic>Cytotoxicity</topic><topic>Dimensional analysis</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Endocytosis</topic><topic>glycol chitosan</topic><topic>Gold</topic><topic>Imaging</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immunotherapy</topic><topic>Injection</topic><topic>lymph node</topic><topic>Lymph nodes</topic><topic>Lymphatic system</topic><topic>Macrophages</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Ovalbumin</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>photoacoustic imaging</topic><topic>Sinuses</topic><topic>theragnostic gold nanoparticle</topic><topic>Three dimensional analysis</topic><topic>tumor antigen delivery</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sun, In-Cheol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jo, SeongHoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dumani, Diego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yun, Wan Su</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoon, Hong Yeol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Dong-Kwon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahn, 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morphology of lymph nodes is one of the crucial evaluation criteria of immune responses. We developed new theragnostic glycol-chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles (GC-AuNPs), which highlighted lymph nodes in ultrasound-guided photoacoustic (US/PA) imaging. Moreover, the ovalbumin epitope was conjugated GC-AuNPs (OVA-GC-AuNPs) for delivering tumor antigen to lymph node resident macrophage. In vitro studies proved the vigorous endocytosis activity of J774A.1 macrophage and consequent strong photoacoustic signals from them. The macrophages also presented a tumor antigen when OVA-GC-AuNPs were used for cellular uptake. After the lingual injection of GC-AuNPs into healthy mice, cervical lymph nodes were visible in a US/PA imaging system with high contrast. Three-dimensional analysis of lymph nodes revealed that the accumulation of GC-AuNPs in the lymph node increased as the post-injection time passed. Histological analysis showed GC-AuNPs or OVA-GC-AuNPs located in subcapsular and medullar sinuses where macrophages are abundant. Our new theragnostic GC-AuNPs present a superior performance in US/PA imaging of lymph nodes without targeting moieties or complex surface modification. Simultaneously, GC-AuNPs were able to deliver tumor antigens to cause macrophages to present the OVA epitope at targeted lymph nodes, which would be valuable for cancer immunotherapy.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34203541</pmid><doi>10.3390/nano11071700</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7919-188X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-3633</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1195-0872</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0086-4250</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Antigen (tumor-associated) Antigens Biopsy Cancer Cancer immunotherapy Chitosan Contrast agents Cytotoxicity Dimensional analysis Efficiency Endocytosis glycol chitosan Gold Imaging Immune response Immunotherapy Injection lymph node Lymph nodes Lymphatic system Macrophages Magnetic resonance imaging Mathematical analysis Medical research Morphology Nanoparticles Ovalbumin Peptides photoacoustic imaging Sinuses theragnostic gold nanoparticle Three dimensional analysis tumor antigen delivery Tumors Ultrasonic imaging |
title | Theragnostic Glycol Chitosan-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Photoacoustic Imaging of Regional Lymph Nodes and Delivering Tumor Antigen to Lymph Nodes |
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